View source for Cyperus laevigatus

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Cyperus laevigatus
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Mant. Pl.
|place=2: 179. 1771
|year=1771
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Acorellus laevigatus
|authority=(Linnaeus) Palla
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Chlorocyperus laevigatus
|authority=(Linnaeus) Palla
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Juncellus laevigatus
|authority=(Linnaeus) C. B. Clarke
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Pycreus laevigatus
|authority=(Linnaeus) Nees
}}
|hierarchy=Cyperaceae;Cyperus;Cyperus subg. Juncellus;Cyperus laevigatus
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Cyperaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Cyperus]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subgenus</small>[[Cyperus subg. Juncellus]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Cyperus laevigatus]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 23
|mention_page=page 142, 162
|treatment_page=page 164
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Herbs,</b> perennial, rhizomatous. <b>Culms</b> single or close together, trigonous to ± terete, (1–)8–30(–60) cm × (0.3–)0.6–1.5(–2.2) mm, glabrous. <b>Leaves</b>: blades present or reduced to sheaths, base of culm covered with reddish sheath 5–25 mm, distally short toothed 1–2 mm, or leaf blades involute, 1–7 cm × 0.3–1(–1.6) mm. <b>Inflorescences</b>: heads appearing lateral, spikes ± digitate, 5–15 × 5–15 mm; rays absent, sometimes 1, to 2 mm; bracts (1–)2(–3), longer bracts erect, appearing as continuation of culm, shorter bract(s) horizontal or ascending, longer bracts (1–)2–8(–12) cm × 0.5–3 mm, shorter (0.3–)1–4.5 cm × 0.2–1 mm. <b>Spikelets</b> (1–)2–7(–14), whitish green to reddish, compressed-turgid, ellipsoid to oblong-lanceoloid, 4–7(–12) × (1.6–)2–3(–3.6) mm; floral scales (8–)12–22, off-white, whitish with red speckles, or with single red spot 0.5 mm wide, medially whitish, oblong-laterally ribless or weakly 2-ribbed, medially weakly 1–3-ribbed, obovate to orbiculate, 1.5–2 × (1.3–)1.6–2 mm. <b>Flowers</b>: anthers (0.5–)0.7–1 mm, connective apex reddish, 0.1–0.2 mm; styles 0.8–1.2 mm; stigmas 0.7–1 mm. <b>Achenes</b> gray, glossy, oblong-ellipsoid to ovoid, (1.2–)1.3–1.5(–1.8) × (0.7–)0.8–1(–1.2) mm, base cuneate to stipelike, apex apiculate, surfaces finely reticulate to papillate.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Fruiting summer.
|habitat=Alkaline grasslands, hotsprings, ditches, brackish marshes
|elevation=0–1000 m
|distribution=Ariz.;Calif.;N.C.;Tex.;Mexico;West Indies;South America;Europe;Asia;Africa.
|discussion=<p><i>Cyperus laevigatus</i> is one of only two species of subg. Juncellus in the New World. It can be distinguished from all other New World species of <i>Cyperus</i> by its two stigmas and disclike, strongly flattened achene, which is borne with its face toward the rachilla. Species of subg. Pycreus, especially <i>C. niger</i>, have been misidentified as <i>C. laevigatus</i>, probably because of the dark, shiny spikelets. All species of subg. Pycreus have biconvex achenes like <i>C. laevigatus</i>; in species of subg. Pycreus the achene is attached with an edge toward the rachilla; in <i>C. laevigatus</i> the achene faces the rachilla.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Cyperus laevigatus
|author=
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=species
|parent rank=subgenus
|synonyms=Acorellus laevigatus;Chlorocyperus laevigatus;Juncellus laevigatus;Pycreus laevigatus
|basionyms=
|family=Cyperaceae
|phenology=Fruiting summer.
|habitat=Alkaline grasslands, hotsprings, ditches, brackish marshes
|elevation=0–1000 m
|distribution=Ariz.;Calif.;N.C.;Tex.;Mexico;West Indies;South America;Europe;Asia;Africa.
|reference=None
|publication title=Mant. Pl.
|publication year=1771
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f6b125a955440c0872999024f038d74684f65921/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V23/V23_262.xml
|genus=Cyperus
|subgenus=Cyperus subg. Juncellus
|species=Cyperus laevigatus
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Cyperus subg. Juncellus]]