View source for Gaillardia aestivalis

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Gaillardia aestivalis
|accepted_authority=(Walter) H. Rock
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Rhodora
|place=58: 315. 1956
|year=1956
}}
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym
|name=Helenium aestivale
|authority=Walter
|publication_title=Fl. Carol.,
|publication_place=210. 1788
}}
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Gaillardia aestivalis var. flavovirens
|authority=(C. Mohr) Cronquist
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Gaillardia chrysantha
|authority=Greene
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Gaillardia fastigiata
|authority=Michaux
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Gaillardia lanceolata
|authority=Greene
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Gaillardia lanceolata var. fastigiata
|authority=(Greene) Waterfall
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Gaillardia lanceolata var. flavovirens
|authority=C. Mohr
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Gaillardia lutea
|authority=unknown
}}
|hierarchy=Asteraceae;Asteraceae tribe Heliantheae;Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Gaillardiinae;Gaillardia;Gaillardia aestivalis
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Asteraceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Asteraceae tribe Heliantheae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subtribe</small>[[Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Gaillardiinae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Gaillardia]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Gaillardia aestivalis]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 21
|mention_page=page 422, 426
|treatment_page=page 425
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Perennials </b>(sometimes flowering first year) 10–60+ cm (sometimes rhizomatous). <b>Leaves</b> cauline; petiolar bases 0–3+ cm; blades narrowly elliptic, linear, obovate, or spatulate, 15–60 × 3–12(–22) mm, (bases of distal often clasping) margins remotely toothed or entire, faces usually closely scabrellous (hairs sometimes crisped). <b>Peduncles</b> 1–10(–20) cm. <b>Phyllaries</b> 15–26, lance-ovate to lanceolate, 6–14+ mm, scabrellous. <b>Receptacular</b> setae 0 or 0.1–0.5+ mm. <b>Ray</b> florets usually 6–12(–15), sometimes 0; corollas pinkish to purple or yellow to cream or white, 13–25 mm. <b>Disc</b> florets 20–60(–100+); corollas yellow or purple to purple-brown or bicolored, tubes 0.5–1 mm, throats stoutly cylindric to campanulate or urceolate, 3.5–5 mm, lobes attenuate-terete, 1.5–3 mm, jointed hairs to 0.3 mm. <b>Cypselae</b> 1.5–2 mm, hairs 1 mm, inserted at bases and on angles and faces; pappi of 8–10 lanceolate, aristate scales 5–7 mm (scarious bases 2–3.5 × 0.6–1 mm). <b>2n</b> = 34, 68.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering Jun–Oct.
|habitat=Open places in grasslands, pinelands
|elevation=10–1200 m
|distribution=Ala.;Ark.;Fla.;Ga.;Kans.;La.;Miss.;Mo.;N.C.;Okla.;S.C.;Tex.
|discussion=<p>Plants with both ray and disc corollas wholly or mostly yellow to cream or white have been treated as a distinct species (<i>Gaillardia</i> lutea) or as varieties [<i>G. aestivalis</i> var. chrysantha (Small) Cronquist and <i>G. aestivalis</i> var. winkleri (Cory) B. L. Turner]. B. L. Turner (1979) formally recognized three varieties of <i>G. aestivalis</i> in the broad sense: <i></i></i>var.<i><i> aestivalis</i> with purple discs, var. chrysantha with yellow discs, and var. winkleri with white discs. Although plants with yellow or white corollas may occur as local populations and may be distinguished by different ploidy levels, failing one or more additional distinguishing morphologic traits, they do not, in my opinion, merit formal taxonomic recognition.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Gaillardia aestivalis
|author=
|authority=(Walter) H. Rock
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Gaillardia aestivalis var. flavovirens;Gaillardia chrysantha;Gaillardia fastigiata;Gaillardia lanceolata;Gaillardia lanceolata var. fastigiata;Gaillardia lanceolata var. flavovirens;Gaillardia lutea
|basionyms=Helenium aestivale
|family=Asteraceae
|phenology=Flowering Jun–Oct.
|habitat=Open places in grasslands, pinelands
|elevation=10–1200 m
|distribution=Ala.;Ark.;Fla.;Ga.;Kans.;La.;Miss.;Mo.;N.C.;Okla.;S.C.;Tex.
|reference=None
|publication title=Rhodora
|publication year=1956
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f6b125a955440c0872999024f038d74684f65921/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V19-20-21/V21_1063.xml
|tribe=Asteraceae tribe Heliantheae
|subtribe=Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Gaillardiinae
|genus=Gaillardia
|species=Gaillardia aestivalis
}}<!--

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