View source for Asteraceae tribe Mutisieae

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Asteraceae tribe Mutisieae
|accepted_authority=Cassini
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=J. Phys. Chim. Hist. Nat. Arts
|place=88: 199. 1819
|year=1819
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Asteraceae;Asteraceae tribe Mutisieae
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Asteraceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Asteraceae tribe Mutisieae]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 19
|mention_page=page 5, 6, 8, 9, 12, 76
|treatment_page=page 70
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Annuals,</b> perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs (sometimes clambering) [trees, vines]. <b>Leaves</b> basal and/or cauline; alternate [opposite]; petiolate or sessile; margins entire, dentate, pinnately lobed, or pinnatifid [pinnately compound, spiny, tipped with tendrils]. <b>Heads</b> homogamous (discoid in <i>Gochnatia</i>, <i>Hecastocleis</i>; quasi-discoid, -radiate, or -liguliflorous in <i>Acourtia</i>, <i>Trixis</i>) or heterogamous (disciform in <i>Adenocaulon</i>, disciform or quasi-radiate or -liguliflorous in <i>Chaptalia</i> and <i>Leibnitzia</i>; sometimes cleistogamous in <i>Chaptalia</i> and <i>Leibnitzia</i>); borne singly (sometimes on scapiform stems) or in corymbiform, paniculiform, or racemiform arrays (aggregated in second-order heads, florets 1–3 per individual head in <i>Hecastocleis</i>). <b>Calyculi</b> usually 0 (of 3–7 bractlets in <i>Trixis</i>; second-order heads subtended by leaflike bracts in <i>Hecastocleis</i>). <b>Phyllaries</b> persistent or tardily falling, in 1–5+ series, distinct or connate, unequal to subequal, usually ± herbaceous, margins and apices seldom notably scarious. <b>Receptacles</b> flat to convex, epaleate [paleate] (usually ± foveolate to alveolate, margins of sockets sometimes ± membranous). <b>Florets</b> of 1, 2, or 3+ kinds in a head (some not readily assignable to usual ray- and disc-floret categories, ± 3 combinations in the flora): (1) all florets bisexual and fertile, corollas actinomorphic (<i>Gochnatia</i>, <i>Hecastocleis</i>) or zygomorphic (often 2-lipped; <i>Acourtia</i>, <i>Trixis</i>); (2) outer florets pistillate and inner bisexual, corollas actinomorphic (<i>Adenocaulon</i>); and (3) outer florets pistillate, corollas usually zygomorphic (raylike or liguliform to 2-lipped), sometimes lacking limbs (reduced to tubes), inner florets bisexual or functionally staminate, corollas zygomorphic (2-lipped) or actinomorphic (<i>Chaptalia</i>, <i>Leibnitzia</i>); anther bases ± tailed, apical appendages ovate or lanceolate to linear [none]; styles (bisexual, fertile florets) abaxially glabrous or papillate to hairy, branches ± linear, adaxially stigmatic in 2 lines from bases nearly to apices (± continuous around apices in <i>Adenocaulon</i>), apices rounded or truncate, appendages essentially none. <b>Cypselae</b> ± monomorphic within heads, usually cylindric, clavate, fusiform, or turbinate, sometimes ± beaked, bodies smooth or ribbed (glabrous, glabrate, sericeous, or velutinous; sometimes distally stipitate-glandular, <i>Adenocaulon</i>); pappi 0 or persistent, of smooth or barbellulate to plumose bristles or subulate to setiform and plumose scales.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=North America;mostly South America;Asia;Africa;Pacific Islands (Hawaii);Australia.
|discussion=<p>Genera ca. 76, species ca. 1000 (7 genera, 14 species in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>Mutisieae as traditionally circumscribed is now considered to be polyphyletic. Molecular work has shown that Barnadesia and its allies, a South American group formerly placed in Mutisieae, constitute the basal clade of the family; they are now treated as a distinct subfamily, Barnadesioideae (K. Bremer and R. K. Jansen 1992). Similarly, J. L. Panero and V. A. Funk (2002) segregated two additional subfamilies from Mutisieae (based on <i>Gochnatia</i> and on <i>Hecastocleis</i>). Mutisieae in the broad sense are centered in the New World tropics and subtropics and are relatively poorly represented elsewhere.</p><!--
--><p>Gerbera jamesonii Bolus ex Hooker f. (Transvaal Daisy; perennials, leaves in basal rosettes, petioles 10–20+ cm, blades usually pinnately lobed, 12–25+ cm, abaxially lanate, peduncles scapiform, to 50+ cm, ray corollas red to orange, pink, or yellow, laminae 2–3+ cm) has been noted as established in Florida (http://www.plantatlas.usf.edu).</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=hansen1990a
|text=Hansen, H. V. 1990. Phylogenetic studies in the Gerbera-complex (Compositae, tribe Mutisieae, subtribe Mutisiinae). Nordic J. Bot. 9: 469–485.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=kim2002a
|text=Kim, H. G., D. J. Lookerman, and R. K. Jansen. 2002. Systematic implications of ndhF sequence variation in the Mutisieae (Asteraceae). Syst. Bot. 27: 598–609.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=simpson1978a
|text=Simpson, B. B. and C. E. Anderson. 1978. Mutisieae. In: N. L. Britton et al., eds. 1905+. North American Flora.... 47+ vols. New York. Ser. 2, part 10, pp. 1–13.
}}
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Leaves: abaxial faces glabrous or with scattered, straight, sometimes glandular, hairs and/or double hairs
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Leaves: abaxial faces usually tomentose, tomentulose, or covered with dense wool (thinly gray-tomentose in Leibnitzia)
|[[#key-0-4| > 4]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Leaf blades narrowly linear-lanceolate (spiny near bases, ± thickened at margins); corollas actinomorphic; style-branch apices rounded
|[[Hecastocleis|Hecastocleis]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Leaves broadly lanceolate or ovate (sometimes linear-lanceolate in Trixis; not spiny at bases or thickened at margins); corollas 2-lipped; style-branch apices truncate
|[[#key-0-3| > 3]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Perennials (caudices brown-woolly); corollas pink, lavender, or white
|[[Acourtia|Acourtia]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Shrubs; corollas yellow
|[[Trixis|Trixis]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Shrubs or subshrubs; leaves (stiff): adaxial faces dark green; corollas actinomorphic (heads discoid)
|[[Gochnatia|Gochnatia]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Perennials; leaves (soft): adaxial faces light green; corollas actinomorphic (heads discoid or disciform) or actinomorphic and zygomorphic (heads disciform or quasi-radiate)
|[[#key-0-5| > 5]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Leaf blades triangular to broadly triangular, bases cordate to hastate; heads in paniculiform arrays; corollas of inner florets actinomorphic
|[[Adenocaulon|Adenocaulon]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Leaf blades elliptic to obovate, bases cuneate; heads borne singly; corollas of inner florets zygomorphic (2-lipped) or nearly actinomorphic
|[[#key-0-6| > 6]]
|-id=key-0-6
|6
|Heads chasmogamous (produced well after rosette leaves); cypselae glabrous or pubescent (hairs relatively short, apices rounded or apiculate)
|[[Chaptalia|Chaptalia]]
|-id=key-0-6
|6
|Heads chasmogamous (early spring, before and concurrently with first rosette leaves) or cleistogamous (produced after rosette leaves); cypselae strigose to hispid (hairs relatively long, apices sharp-pointed)
|[[Leibnitzia|Leibnitzia]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Asteraceae tribe Mutisieae
|author=
|authority=Cassini
|rank=tribe
|parent rank=family
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Asteraceae
|illustrator=Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey
|distribution=North America;mostly South America;Asia;Africa;Pacific Islands (Hawaii);Australia.
|reference=hansen1990a;kim2002a;simpson1978a
|publication title=J. Phys. Chim. Hist. Nat. Arts
|publication year=1819
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f6b125a955440c0872999024f038d74684f65921/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V19-20-21/V19_2.xml
|tribe=Asteraceae tribe Mutisieae
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Asteraceae]]