View source for Flaveria

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Flaveria
|accepted_authority=Jussieu
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Gen. Pl.,
|place=186. 1789
|year=1789
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Asteraceae;Asteraceae tribe Heliantheae;Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Flaveriinae;Flaveria
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Asteraceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Asteraceae tribe Heliantheae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subtribe</small>[[Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Flaveriinae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Flaveria]]</div></div>
|etymology=Latin flavus, yellow
|volume=Volume 21
|mention_page=page 245, 248, 249, 250
|treatment_page=page 247
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Annuals,</b> perennials, or subshrubs, to 200+ cm [trees to 400 cm] (usually ± succulent, herbage usually glaucous). <b>Stems</b> (often purplish) erect or decumbent, branched distally or ± throughout. <b>Leaves</b> cauline; opposite (decussate); petiolate or sessile (weakly connate to connate-perfoliate); blades (often 3-nerved) oblong-ovate to lanceolate or linear, margins entire, serrate, or spinulose-serrate, faces glabrous or short-pubescent. <b>Heads</b> radiate or discoid, usually in tight or loose aggregations in (often flat-topped) ± corymbiform arrays or glomerules. <b>Involucres</b> oblong, urceolate, cylindric, or turbinate, 0.5–2 mm diam. <b>Phyllaries</b> persistent, 2–6(–9) in ± 1 series (linear, concave, or boat-shaped, subequal). <b>Receptacles</b> convex, epaleate (“receptacles” of glomerules sometimes setose). <b>Ray</b> florets 0–1(–2), pistillate, fertile; corollas yellow or whitish (laminae inconspicuous). <b>Disc</b> florets 1–15, bisexual, fertile; corollas yellow, tubes shorter than to about equaling funnelform to campanulate throats, lobes 5, ± deltate. <b>Cypselae</b> (black) weakly compressed, narrowly oblanceolate or linear-oblong (usually 10-nerved, glabrous); pappi usually 0, sometimes persistent, of 2–4 hyaline scales, or coroniform (of connate scales). <b>x</b> = 18.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=United States;Mexico;West Indies (Greater Antilles);Central America;South America;Asia (India);Africa;Australia.
|discussion=<p>Species 21 (8 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>Members of <i>Flaveria</i> are frequently found in alkaline, saline, and gypseous soils, often in disturbed and moist areas. Heads of <i>Flaveria</i> may be either radiate or discoid; when both are present in the same capitulescence, the discoid heads tend to be central and the radiate heads peripheral. Many species of <i>Flaveria</i> have persistent sheathing leaf bases that ring the stems after the leaves have fallen.</p><!--
--><p><i>Flaveria</i> is notable because certain species exhibit C3 photosynthesis, some C3–C4 (intermediate) photosynthesis, and others (<i>F. brownii</i>, <i>F. bidentis</i>, <i>F. campestris</i>, and <i>F. trinervia</i> in the United States) classic C4 photosynthesis.</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=powell1978a
|text=Powell, A. M. 1978. Systematics of Flaveria (Flaveriinae–Asteraceae). Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 65: 590–636.
}}
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Pappi usually of 2–4 scales or coroniform, rarely 0
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Pappi 0
|[[#key-0-3| > 3]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Leaf blades to 10–40 mm wide, bases connate-perfoliate; New Mexico, Texas
|[[Flaveria chlorifolia|Flaveria chlorifolia]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Leaf blades 2–7 mm wide, bases weakly connate; Arizona
|[[Flaveria mcdougallii|Flaveria mcdougallii]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Heads in tight, axillary glomerules ("receptacles" of glomerules setose)
|[[Flaveria trinervia|Flaveria trinervia]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Heads usually in corymbiform, paniculiform, or spiciform arrays, seldom in tight, axillary glomerules ("receptacles" of glomerules not setose).
|[[#key-0-4| > 4]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Annuals
|[[#key-0-5| > 5]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Perennials (annuals)
|[[#key-0-6| > 6]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Heads in scorpioid cymiform arrays; ray laminae to 1 mm; Alabama, Florida, Georgia
|[[Flaveria bidentis|Flaveria bidentis]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Heads in corymbiform arrays; ray laminae 1.5–2.5 mm; sc, sw United States
|[[Flaveria campestris|Flaveria campestris]]
|-id=key-0-6
|6
|Calyculus bractlets surpassing involucres (sw coast, Florida)
|[[Flaveria floridana|Flaveria floridana]]
|-id=key-0-6
|6
|Calyculus bractlets shorter than involucres
|[[#key-0-7| > 7]]
|-id=key-0-7
|7
|Ray laminae oblong-elliptic, 2 mm; disc florets (5–)7–10; Texas
|[[Flaveria brownii|Flaveria brownii]]
|-id=key-0-7
|7
|Ray laminae oval to obovate-spatulate, 2–3 mm; disc florets (2–)5–7(–8); Florida
|[[Flaveria linearis|Flaveria linearis]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Flaveria
|author=Sharon C. Yarborough;A. Michael Powell
|authority=Jussieu
|rank=genus
|parent rank=subtribe
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Asteraceae
|illustrator=Barbara Alongi
|distribution=United States;Mexico;West Indies (Greater Antilles);Central America;South America;Asia (India);Africa;Australia.
|reference=powell1978a
|publication title=Gen. Pl.,
|publication year=1789
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/8f726806613d60c220dc4493de13607dd3150896/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V19-20-21/V21_612.xml
|tribe=Asteraceae tribe Heliantheae
|subtribe=Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Flaveriinae
|genus=Flaveria
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Flaveriinae]]