View source for Plagiobryoides

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Plagiobryoides
|accepted_authority=J. R. Spence
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Phytologia
|place=87: 24. 2005
|year=2005
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Bryaceae;Plagiobryoides
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Bryaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Plagiobryoides]]</div></div>
|etymology=Genus Plagiobryum and Greek -oides, similarity
|volume=Volume 28
|mention_page=page 119, 141, 149, 150, 151, 662
|treatment_page=page 148
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism size;whole_organism coloration;whole_organism coloration;whole_organism coloration;whole_organism coloration;whole_organism coloration;whole_organism coloration;whole_organism coloration;whole_organism growth form;turf density"><b>Plants </b>small to large, in dense turfs, green, yellow-green, redbrown, pink, or red.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="stem some measurement;stem architecture;stem architecture or shape;stem architecture"><b>Stems </b>0.5–4 cm, evenly foliate, not or rarely weakly julaceous, somewhat branched;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="rhizoid quantity;rhizoid presence;proximal stem presence;proximal stem arrangement">rhizoids few (many in P. brachyneura), micronemata and macronemata absent from stems or present in clusters on proximal stem.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="leaf arrangement;leaf arrangement or shape;leaf orientation;leaf shape;leaf shape;leaf atypical some measurement;leaf some measurement"><b>Leaves </b>imbricate to somewhat contorted when dry, erect to erect-spreading when moist, ovate to suborbicular, flat to concave, 0.4–3 (–3.5) mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="base shape;base shape">base decurrent or not;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="margin shape;margin orientation;margin architecture or shape;margin architecture;limbidium presence;limbidium presence">margins plane or sometimes recurved proximally, ± entire, 1–3-stratose, limbidium absent or present;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="apex shape">apex obtuse to acute;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="costa architecture;apiculu architecture or pubescence or relief">costa not reaching apex to very short-excurrent, apiculus smooth, guide cells absent or sometimes present proximally;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="guide cell presence;guide cell presence;cell variability">alar cells not differentiated from juxtacostal cells;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="laminal areolation variability">laminal areolation somewhat heterogeneous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="proximal laminal cell shape;proximal laminal cell quantity;proximal laminal cell quantity">proximal laminal cells usually long-rectangular, 3–5: 1;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="medial and distal cell variability;medial and distal cell shape;medial and distal cell shape;medial and distal cell some measurement;medial and distal cell quantity;medial and distal cell quantity">medial and distal cells highly variable, irregularly rhomboidal, sometimes ± quadrate near apex, usually wider than 16 µm, 1–4: 1, walls thin or incrassate, not pitted.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="wall width;wall size;wall relief;wall development;wall reproduction;wall reproduction;wall reproduction;rhizoidal reproduction;rhizoidal presence;rhizoidal coloration;rhizoidal shape;rhizoidal some measurement;tuber coloration"><b>Specialized </b>asexual reproduction absent or by rhizoidal tubers red, spheric, greater than 200 µm. <b>Sexual</b> condition dioicous or rarely synoicous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="perigonium position or structure subtype;perichaetium position or structure subtype;leaf size;rosette size;leaf size;leaf reproduction;rosette size;rosette variability;leaf size;leaf variability">perigonia and perichaetia terminal, leaves same size as vegetative leaves or usually larger, not forming rosette, inner leaves little differentiated.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="seta quantity;seta course;seta architecture;seta shape"><b>Seta </b>single, straight to flexuose or twisted, rarely geniculate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="capsule orientation;capsule shape;capsule architecture;capsule some measurement"><b>Capsule </b>inclined to suberect, elongate-pyriform, not zygomorphic, 2–4 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="hypophysis variability;hypophysis shape">hypophysis differentiated, often elongate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="operculum shape;operculum architecture or shape;operculum architecture or shape;operculum shape">operculum conic, apiculate or not, not rostrate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="">peristome double;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s19" data-properties="exostome coloration;exostome coloration;exostome coloration;tooth shape">exostome pale-yellow or tan proximally, hyaline distally, teeth lanceolate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s20" data-properties="endostome arrangement;basal membrane fusion;basal membrane height;segment length or size;segment presence;segment architecture;cilium presence;cilium presence">endostome separate from exostome or sometimes adherent, basal membrane high, segments rarely longer than exostome, rarely absent, narrowly perforate, cilia absent or sometimes present.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s21" data-properties="spore arrangement;spore some measurement;spore relief;spore relief;spore coloration;spore coloration;spore coloration;spore coloration;spore coloration"><b>Spores </b>shed singly, 11–28 µm, papillose or smooth, pale-brown, tan, or yellow-tan.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=North America;Mexico;West Indies;Central America;South America;se Asia;Africa;w Pacific Islands;Australia;tropical to warm-temperate regions
|discussion=<p>Species 15 (5 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>Plagiobryoides is similar to Plagiobryum in gametophyte structure, but has more or less symmetric capsules with the endostome typically shorter than the exostome, and spores that are shed singly. The two genera are probably closely related, with primary speciation of Plagiobryum in arctic-alpine regions of the Northern Hemisphere and Plagiobryoides in the Tropics. Although the genus was originally described for the highly unusual Plagiobryoides incrassatolimbata, the overall leaf structure, especially the laminal areolation, is similar to that of the other species, with typically very broad thin-walled cells, becoming very long proximally, while the capsules are also similar in overall shape. As in Plagiobryum, the endostome segments can sometimes be longer than the exostome teeth, especially in some populations of Plagiobryoides cellularis. Several species have only recently been collected in the flora area, and are quite rare. B. H. Allen (2002) provided valuable information on the Neotropical species. The leaves are usually red at the base. The leaf apices are not hyaline; the innovation leaves are smaller than the cauline leaves, with more obtuse apices and weaker costae; the setae are red-brown; the capsules are brown; and the exostome teeth are trabeculate and without pores.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Stems often to 4 cm; leaves somewhat crowded; plants often red to red-brown; leaf bases long-decurrent; limbidium present, (1-)2-4-stratose; specialized asexual reproduction absent.
|[[Plagiobryoides incrassatolimbata|Plagiobryoides incrassatolimbata]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Stems usually 0.5-2 cm; leaves crowded or distant; plants pale pink-green, green, yellow-green, or olive green; leaf bases not or somewhat decurrent; limbidium absent or 1-stratose; specialized asexual reproduction sometimes present
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Specialized asexual reproduction absent; sexual condition synoicous; peristome reduced; exostome teeth irregular, often short; endostome adherent to exostome, cilia absent; spores 18-22 µm.
|[[Plagiobryoides brachyneura|Plagiobryoides brachyneura]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Specialized asexual reproduction sometimes present; sexual condition dioicous; peristome when present well developed; exostome teeth lanceolate, long; endostome not adherent to exostome, cilia usually absent, occasionally 1 or 2; spores 18-28 µm
|[[#key-0-3| > 3]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Leaf apices broadly acute to obtuse; costae not reaching apex to rarely percurrent; leaves concave; bases somewhat decurrent.
|[[Plagiobryoides renauldii|Plagiobryoides renauldii]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Leaf apices acute; costae reaching apex to very short-excurrent; leaves flat or weakly concave; bases not decurrent
|[[#key-0-4| > 4]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Distal laminal cells 2-4:1; plants pale pink-green; leaves imbricate when dry; specialized asexual reproduction absent; capsules with hypophysis strongly differentiated, elongate.
|[[Plagiobryoides cellularis|Plagiobryoides cellularis]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Distal laminal cells 1-3:1; plants bright green; leaves somewhat contorted to imbricate when dry; specialized asexual reproduction by rhizoidal tubers; capsules with hypophysis weakly differentiated, short.
|[[Plagiobryoides vinosula|Plagiobryoides vinosula]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Plagiobryoides
|author=John R. Spence
|authority=J. R. Spence
|rank=genus
|parent rank=family
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Bryaceae
|distribution=North America;Mexico;West Indies;Central America;South America;se Asia;Africa;w Pacific Islands;Australia;tropical to warm-temperate regions
|reference=None
|publication title=Phytologia
|publication year=2005
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V28/V28_238.xml
|genus=Plagiobryoides
|apex shape=obtuse;acute
|apiculu architecture or pubescence or relief=smooth
|basal membrane fusion=adherent
|basal membrane height=high
|base shape=not;decurrent
|capsule architecture=not zygomorphic
|capsule orientation=inclined;suberect
|capsule shape=elongate-pyriform
|capsule some measurement=2mm;4mm
|cell variability=not differentiated
|cilium presence=absent;absent
|costa architecture=short-excurrent
|endostome arrangement=separate
|exostome coloration=hyaline;tan;pale-yellow
|guide cell presence=absent;absent
|hypophysis shape=elongate
|hypophysis variability=differentiated
|laminal areolation variability=heterogeneous
|leaf arrangement=imbricate to somewhat
|leaf arrangement or shape=contorted
|leaf atypical some measurement=3mm;3.5mm
|leaf orientation=erect;erect-spreading
|leaf reproduction=vegetative
|leaf shape=ovate;suborbicular flat
|leaf size=larger;larger;vegetative
|leaf some measurement=0.4mm;3mm
|leaf variability=differentiated
|limbidium presence=absent;absent
|margin architecture=1-3-stratose
|margin architecture or shape=entire
|margin orientation=recurved
|margin shape=plane
|medial and distal cell quantity=1;1;4
|medial and distal cell shape=quadrate;rhomboidal
|medial and distal cell some measurement=16
|medial and distal cell variability=variable
|operculum architecture or shape=not;apiculate
|operculum shape=not rostrate;conic
|perichaetium position or structure subtype=terminal
|perigonium position or structure subtype=terminal
|proximal laminal cell quantity=1;3;5
|proximal laminal cell shape=long-rectangular
|proximal stem arrangement=cluster
|proximal stem presence=absent
|rhizoid presence=absent
|rhizoid quantity=few
|rhizoidal coloration=red
|rhizoidal presence=absent
|rhizoidal reproduction=asexual
|rhizoidal shape=spheric
|rosette size=larger;larger
|rosette variability=differentiated
|segment architecture=perforate
|segment length or size=rarely longer
|segment presence=absent
|seta architecture=twisted
|seta course=straight;flexuose
|seta quantity=single
|seta shape=geniculate
|spore arrangement=singly
|spore coloration=yellow-tan;tan;yellow-tan;tan;pale-brown
|spore relief=smooth;papillose
|spore some measurement=11um;28um
|stem architecture=branched;foliate
|stem architecture or shape=julaceous
|stem some measurement=0.5cm;4cm
|tooth shape=lanceolate
|tuber coloration=red
|turf density=dense
|wall development=specialized
|wall relief=not pitted
|wall reproduction=synoicous;dioicous;sexual
|wall size=incrassate
|wall width=thin
|whole_organism coloration=red;pink;red;pink;redbrown;yellow-green;green
|whole_organism growth form=plant
|whole_organism size=small;large
}}<!--

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