View source for Cotula

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Cotula
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Pl.
|place=2: 891. 1753
|year=1753
}}, {{Treatment/Publication
|title=Gen. Pl. ed.
|place=5, 380. 1754
|year=1754
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Asteraceae;Asteraceae tribe Anthemideae;Cotula
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Asteraceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Asteraceae tribe Anthemideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Cotula]]</div></div>
|etymology=Greek kotule, small cup
|volume=Volume 19
|mention_page=page 52, 486, 544
|treatment_page=page 543
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole-organism atypical some measurement;whole-organism some measurement;whole-organism duration;whole-organism atypical some measurement;whole-organism some measurement;whole-organism duration"><b>Annuals </b>or perennials, 2–25 [–50+] cm (sometimes aromatic).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="stem quantity;stem orientation;stem growth form or orientation;stem orientation;stem orientation;stem architecture;stem pubescence"><b>Stems </b>usually 1, erect or prostrate to decumbent or ascending (sometimes rooting at nodes), usually branched, glabrous or ± strigillose to villous (hairs mostly basifixed).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="leaf position"><b>Leaves </b>usually mostly cauline [basal];</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="">alternate [opposite];</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="leaf arrangement;leaf architecture;leaf architecture">petiolate or sessile;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="blade shape;blade shape;ultimate margin shape;ultimate margin shape;face pubescence">blades obovate or spatulate to lanceolate or linear, sometimes 1–3-pinnately [palmati-pinnately] lobed, ultimate margins entire or irregularly toothed, faces glabrous or ± strigillose to villous [lanate] (hairs mostly basifixed).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="head architecture or shape;head arrangement"><b>Heads </b>disciform [discoid or radiate], borne singly (peduncles sometimes dilated).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="involucre shape;involucre diameter;involucre diameter"><b>Involucres </b>broadly hemispheric to saucer-shaped, 3–12+ [–15+] mm diam.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="phyllary duration;phyllary quantity;series quantity;margin texture;apex texture"><b>Phyllaries </b>persistent, 13–30+ in 2–3+ series, margins and apices (colorless, light to dark-brown, or purplish) scarious.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="receptacle shape;receptacle architecture"><b>Receptacles </b>flat to convex [conic], epaleate (sometimes ± covered with persistent stalks of florets).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="ray-floret presence"><b>Ray-</b>florets 0 [5–8+, pistillate, fertile; corollas white] (peripheral pistillate florets 8–80+ in 1–3+ series; corollas usually none).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="disc-floret atypical quantity;disc-floret quantity;disc-floret reproduction;disc-floret reproduction"><b>Disc-</b>florets 12–200+ [–600+], bisexual, fertile [functionally staminate];</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="corolla coloration;corolla coloration;tube shape;throat size;lobe atypical quantity;lobe quantity;lobe shape">corollas ochroleucous or yellow, tubes ± cylindric (bases sometimes adaxially saccate), throats abruptly ampliate, lobes (3–) 4, ± deltate (sometimes one larger than others, usually each with central resin canal).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="cypsela shape;cypsela shape;rib quantity;rib position;face relief"><b>Cypselae </b>obovoid to oblong, obcompressed or flattened, ribs 2, lateral, sometimes becoming wings, faces ± papillate (pericarps relatively thin, sometimes with myxogenic cells and/or 2 lateral resin sacs);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="">pappi 0.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="pappus presence;x chromosome quantity">x = 10.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=s Old World;also (perhaps some native) in Mexico;South America;s Oceanic Islands
|introduced=true
|discussion=<p>Species 55 (2 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>Some species of Cotula are widely naturalized. F. Hrusa et al. (2002) reported Cotula mexicana (de Candolle) Cabrera as established on golf courses in California; it is similar to C. australis and differs in leaf blades mostly 1-pinnate, receptacles pilose, and disc florets functionally staminate.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Annuals (± villous); leaf blades 2–3-pinnately lobed; involucres 3–4(–6) mm diam.; pistillate florets 8–40(–80+) in ± 1–3+ series
|[[Cotula australis|Cotula australis]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Perennials (glabrous); leaf blades entire or irregularly toothed or lobed; involucres 6–9 (–12+) mm diam.; pistillate florets 12–40+ in 1 series
|[[Cotula coronopifolia|Cotula coronopifolia]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Cotula
|author=Linda E. Watson
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=genus
|parent rank=tribe
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Asteraceae
|distribution=s Old World;also (perhaps some native) in Mexico;South America;s Oceanic Islands
|introduced=true
|reference=None
|publication title=Sp. Pl.;Gen. Pl. ed.
|publication year=1753;1754
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V19-20-21/V19_946.xml
|tribe=Asteraceae tribe Anthemideae
|genus=Cotula
|apex texture=scarious
|blade shape=lobed;spatulate;lanceolate or linear
|corolla coloration=yellow;ochroleucous
|cypsela shape=obovoid;oblong obcompressed or flattened
|disc-floret atypical quantity=200+;600
|disc-floret quantity=12;200
|disc-floret reproduction=fertile;bisexual
|face pubescence=more or less strigillose;villous
|face relief=papillate
|head architecture or shape=disciform
|head arrangement=singly
|involucre diameter=3mm;12mm
|involucre shape=broadly hemispheric;saucer-shaped
|leaf architecture=sessile;petiolate
|leaf arrangement=alternate
|leaf position=cauline
|lobe atypical quantity=3;4
|lobe quantity=4
|lobe shape=deltate
|margin texture=scarious
|pappus presence=absent
|phyllary duration=persistent
|phyllary quantity=13;30
|ray-floret presence=absent
|receptacle architecture=epaleate
|receptacle shape=flat;convex
|rib position=lateral
|rib quantity=2
|series quantity=2;3
|stem architecture=branched
|stem growth form or orientation=prostrate
|stem orientation=ascending;decumbent;erect
|stem pubescence=more or less strigillose;villous
|stem quantity=1
|throat size=ampliate
|tube shape=cylindric
|ultimate margin shape=toothed;entire
|whole-organism atypical some measurement=25cm;50cm
|whole-organism duration=perennial;annual
|whole-organism some measurement=2cm;25cm
|x chromosome quantity=10
}}<!--

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