Persicaria maculosa

Gray

Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 269. 1822.

Common names: Spotted lady’s-thumb redshank renouée persicaire
WeedyIntroduced
Basionym: Polygonum persicaria Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 1: 361. 1753
Synonyms: Persicaria fusiformis (Greene) Greene Persicaria vulgaris Webb & Moquin-Tandon Polygonum fusiforme Greene Polygonum persicaria var. ruderale (Salisbury) Meisner Polygonum puritanorum
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 5. Treatment on page 593. Mentioned on page 583, 586, 594.
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Plants annual, (0.5–)1–7(–13) dm; roots also often arising from proximal nodes; rhizomes and stolons absent. Stems procumbent, decumbent, ascending, or erect, simple or branched, without obvious ribs, glabrous or appressed-pubescent. Leaves: ocrea light brown, cylindric, 4–10(–15) mm, chartaceous, base inflated, margins truncate, ciliate with hairs 1–3.5(–5) mm, surface glabrous or strigose, rarely with spreading hairs, not glandular-punctate; petiole 0.1–0.8 cm, glabrous or strigose, leaves sometimes sessile; blade often with dark triangular or lunate blotch adaxially, lanceolate to narrowly ovate, (1–)5–10(–18) × (0.2–)1–2.5(–4) cm, base tapered or cuneate, margins antrorsely strigose, apex acute to acuminate, faces glabrous or strigose, especially along midveins, sometimes glandular-punctate abaxially. Inflorescences terminal and axillary, erect, usually uninterrupted, 10–45(–60) × 7–12 mm; peduncle 10–50 mm, glabrous or, rarely, pubescent; ocreolae overlapping or sometimes interrupted proximally, margins ciliate with bristles 0.2–1.3(–2) mm. Pedicels ascending, 1–2.5 mm. Flowers 4–14 per ocreate fascicle, homostylous; perianth greenish white proximally and roseate distally or entirely roseate, not glandular-punctate, scarcely accrescent; tepals 4–5, connate ca. 1/3 their length, obovate, 2–3.5 mm, veins prominent, not anchor-shaped, margins entire, apex obtuse to rounded; stamens 4–8, included; anthers yellow or pink, ovate; styles 2–3, connate proximally. Achenes included or apex exserted, brownish black to black, discoid or biconvex to 3-gonous, (1.9–)2–2.7 × (1.5–) 1.8–2.2 mm, shiny, smooth. 2n = 44.


Phenology: Flowering Mar–Nov.
Habitat: Weedy, moist semiwaste to cultivated areas
Elevation: 0-2500 m

Distribution

V5 1208-distribution-map.gif

Introduced; Greenland, St. Pierre and Miquelon, Alta., B.C., Man., N.B., Nfld. and Labr., N.S., Ont., P.E.I., Que., Sask., Yukon, Ala., Alaska, Ariz., Ark., Calif., Colo., Conn., Del., D.C., Fla., Ga., Idaho, Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., La., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Miss., Mo., Mont., Nebr., Nev., N.H., N.J., N.Mex., N.Y., N.C., N.Dak., Ohio, Okla., Oreg., Pa., R.I., S.C., S.Dak., Tenn., Tex., Utah, Vt., Va., Wash., W.Va., Wis., Wyo., Eurasia, Africa, Pacific Islands (New Zealand).

Discussion

An allozyme study by L. L. Consaul et al. (1991) provided evidence of the allotetraploid origin of Persicaria maculosa, with P. lapathifolium as one of the parents. Plants with stems spreading-hairy and peduncles stipitate-glandular have been named P. maculosa subsp. hirsuticaulis (Danser) S. Ekman & Knutsson. Material referable to this subspecies has not been seen among North American specimens. Hybrids between P. maculosa and P. minor have been documented in Europe (R. H. Roberts 1977).

The Cherokee, Chippewa, and Iroquois prepared simple or compound decoctions of Persicaria maculosa, which they used as dermatological, urinary, gastrointestinal, and veterinary aids, for heart medicine, and as an analgesic (D. E. Moerman 1998).

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Persicaria maculosa"
Harold R. Hinds† +  and Craig C. Freeman +
Polygonum persicaria +
Spotted lady’s-thumb +, redshank +  and renouée persicaire +
Greenland +, St. Pierre and Miquelon +, Alta. +, B.C. +, Man. +, N.B. +, Nfld. and Labr. +, N.S. +, Ont. +, P.E.I. +, Que. +, Sask. +, Yukon +, Ala. +, Alaska +, Ariz. +, Ark. +, Calif. +, Colo. +, Conn. +, Del. +, D.C. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, Idaho +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Kans. +, Ky. +, La. +, Maine +, Md. +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Miss. +, Mo. +, Mont. +, Nebr. +, Nev. +, N.H. +, N.J. +, N.Mex. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, N.Dak. +, Ohio +, Okla. +, Oreg. +, Pa. +, R.I. +, S.C. +, S.Dak. +, Tenn. +, Tex. +, Utah +, Vt. +, Va. +, Wash. +, W.Va. +, Wis. +, Wyo. +, Eurasia +, Africa +  and Pacific Islands (New Zealand). +
0-2500 m +
Weedy, moist semiwaste to cultivated areas +
Flowering Mar–Nov. +
Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. +
Weedy +  and Introduced +
Persicaria fusiformis +, Persicaria vulgaris +, Polygonum fusiforme +, Polygonum persicaria var. ruderale +  and Polygonum puritanorum +
Persicaria maculosa +
Persicaria sect. Persicaria +
species +