Difference between revisions of "Harrisia fragrans"
Cact. 2: 149, fig. 216, plate 19, figs. 1, 2. 1920.
Common names: Fragrant prickly-apple Caribbean applecactus
EndemicConservation concern
Synonyms: Cereus eriophorus var. fragrans (Small ex Britton & Rose) L. D. Benson Cereus fragrans (Small ex Britton & Rose) Little
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|common_names=Fragrant prickly-apple;Caribbean applecactus | |common_names=Fragrant prickly-apple;Caribbean applecactus | ||
| + | |special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status | ||
| + | |code=E | ||
| + | |label=Endemic | ||
| + | }}{{Treatment/ID/Special_status | ||
| + | |code=C | ||
| + | |label=Conservation concern | ||
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|basionyms= | |basionyms= | ||
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym | |synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym | ||
|name=Cereus eriophorus var. fragrans | |name=Cereus eriophorus var. fragrans | ||
|authority=(Small ex Britton & Rose) L. D. Benson | |authority=(Small ex Britton & Rose) L. D. Benson | ||
| − | }}{{Treatment/ID/Synonym | + | |rank=variety |
| + | }} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym | ||
|name=Cereus fragrans | |name=Cereus fragrans | ||
|authority=(Small ex Britton & Rose) Little | |authority=(Small ex Britton & Rose) Little | ||
| + | |rank=species | ||
}} | }} | ||
|hierarchy=Cactaceae;Cactaceae subfam. Cactoideae;Harrisia;Harrisia fragrans | |hierarchy=Cactaceae;Cactaceae subfam. Cactoideae;Harrisia;Harrisia fragrans | ||
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| − | --><span class="statement" id="st- | + | --><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Stems </b>erect, reclining, or clambering, to 3–5 m; ribs 10–12. <b>Spines</b> 9–13 per areole, 2–4 cm, tipped yellow or completely yellowish when young. <b>Flowers</b>: flower tube 18–20 cm, smooth or scarcely ridged; scales flat or nearly so, with axillary tufts hairs; hairs white, soft, 10–15 mm; buds with white hairs. <b>Fruits</b> orange-red at maturity, obovoid, 60 mm diam.</span><!-- |
-->{{Treatment/Body | -->{{Treatment/Body | ||
| + | |phenology=Flowering May. | ||
|habitat=Mostly remnants of oak-red bay scrub on dry sand dunes, usually with Opuntia | |habitat=Mostly remnants of oak-red bay scrub on dry sand dunes, usually with Opuntia | ||
|elevation=0 m | |elevation=0 m | ||
|distribution=Fla. | |distribution=Fla. | ||
|discussion=<p>Of conservation concern.</p><!-- | |discussion=<p>Of conservation concern.</p><!-- | ||
| − | --><p>According to L. D. Benson (1982), Harrisia fragrans is a “canelike or shrubby plant [that] may be nearly lost in other vegetation growing up in disturbed areas of fields or the edges of the forest. Sometimes it stands above herbs and bushes.” It is easily cultivated, and J. K. Small (1932) observed “when planted en masse its hundreds of flowers present a rare sight all through the night. In fruit it is an attractive sight and also a great attraction as food for birds, many of whom are ravenously fond of the seeds.”</p><!-- | + | --><p>According to L. D. Benson (1982), <i>Harrisia fragrans</i> is a “canelike or shrubby plant [that] may be nearly lost in other vegetation growing up in disturbed areas of fields or the edges of the forest. Sometimes it stands above herbs and bushes.” It is easily cultivated, and J. K. Small (1932) observed “when planted en masse its hundreds of flowers present a rare sight all through the night. In fruit it is an attractive sight and also a great attraction as food for birds, many of whom are ravenously fond of the seeds.”</p><!-- |
| − | --><p>Harrisia fragrans differs from the Caribbean H. eriophora (Pfeiffer) Britton in fruit color (orange-red versus yellow), stem ribbing (10–12 versus 8–9), and spine number and morphology (9–13 per areole, 2–3 cm long, yellow tipped versus 6–9 per areole, 2.5–4.5 cm long, black tipped, respectively). L. D. Benson (1982) recognized these differences but included both taxa within a relatively broad species concept, emphasizing their copious production of long hairs in the flower areoles and other features.</p><!-- | + | --><p><i>Harrisia fragrans</i> differs from the Caribbean H. eriophora (Pfeiffer) Britton in fruit color (orange-red versus yellow), stem ribbing (10–12 versus 8–9), and spine number and morphology (9–13 per areole, 2–3 cm long, yellow tipped versus 6–9 per areole, 2.5–4.5 cm long, black tipped, respectively). L. D. Benson (1982) recognized these differences but included both taxa within a relatively broad species concept, emphasizing their copious production of long hairs in the flower areoles and other features.</p><!-- |
| − | --><p>D. F. Austin (1984) reported that the range of Harrisia fragrans is restricted to a 0.5–1.5 kilometer strip in St. Lucie County, Florida, in the immediate vicinity of the original (type) locality. He noted that other populations identified as this taxon actually are “Cereus gracilis,” which is presumably H. simpsonii.</p><!-- | + | --><p>D. F. Austin (1984) reported that the range of <i>Harrisia fragrans</i> is restricted to a 0.5–1.5 kilometer strip in St. Lucie County, Florida, in the immediate vicinity of the original (type) locality. He noted that other populations identified as this taxon actually are “Cereus gracilis,” which is presumably <i>H. simpsonii</i>.</p><!-- |
| − | --><p>Harrisia fragrans is in the Center for Plant Conservation’s National Collection of Endangered Plants.</p> | + | --><p><i>Harrisia fragrans</i> is in the Center for Plant Conservation’s National Collection of Endangered Plants.</p> |
|tables= | |tables= | ||
|references={{Treatment/Reference | |references={{Treatment/Reference | ||
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-->{{#Taxon: | -->{{#Taxon: | ||
name=Harrisia fragrans | name=Harrisia fragrans | ||
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|authority=Small ex Britton & Rose | |authority=Small ex Britton & Rose | ||
|rank=species | |rank=species | ||
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|basionyms= | |basionyms= | ||
|family=Cactaceae | |family=Cactaceae | ||
| + | |phenology=Flowering May. | ||
|habitat=Mostly remnants of oak-red bay scrub on dry sand dunes, usually with Opuntia | |habitat=Mostly remnants of oak-red bay scrub on dry sand dunes, usually with Opuntia | ||
|elevation=0 m | |elevation=0 m | ||
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|publication title=Cact. | |publication title=Cact. | ||
|publication year=1920 | |publication year=1920 | ||
| − | |special status= | + | |special status=Endemic;Conservation concern |
| − | |source xml=https:// | + | |source xml=https://bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation/src/2e0870ddd59836b60bcf96646a41e87ea5a5943a/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V4/V4_297.xml |
|subfamily=Cactaceae subfam. Cactoideae | |subfamily=Cactaceae subfam. Cactoideae | ||
|genus=Harrisia | |genus=Harrisia | ||
|species=Harrisia fragrans | |species=Harrisia fragrans | ||
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Latest revision as of 22:57, 5 November 2020
Stems erect, reclining, or clambering, to 3–5 m; ribs 10–12. Spines 9–13 per areole, 2–4 cm, tipped yellow or completely yellowish when young. Flowers: flower tube 18–20 cm, smooth or scarcely ridged; scales flat or nearly so, with axillary tufts hairs; hairs white, soft, 10–15 mm; buds with white hairs. Fruits orange-red at maturity, obovoid, 60 mm diam.
Phenology: Flowering May.
Habitat: Mostly remnants of oak-red bay scrub on dry sand dunes, usually with Opuntia
Elevation: 0 m
Discussion
Of conservation concern.
According to L. D. Benson (1982), Harrisia fragrans is a “canelike or shrubby plant [that] may be nearly lost in other vegetation growing up in disturbed areas of fields or the edges of the forest. Sometimes it stands above herbs and bushes.” It is easily cultivated, and J. K. Small (1932) observed “when planted en masse its hundreds of flowers present a rare sight all through the night. In fruit it is an attractive sight and also a great attraction as food for birds, many of whom are ravenously fond of the seeds.”
Harrisia fragrans differs from the Caribbean H. eriophora (Pfeiffer) Britton in fruit color (orange-red versus yellow), stem ribbing (10–12 versus 8–9), and spine number and morphology (9–13 per areole, 2–3 cm long, yellow tipped versus 6–9 per areole, 2.5–4.5 cm long, black tipped, respectively). L. D. Benson (1982) recognized these differences but included both taxa within a relatively broad species concept, emphasizing their copious production of long hairs in the flower areoles and other features.
D. F. Austin (1984) reported that the range of Harrisia fragrans is restricted to a 0.5–1.5 kilometer strip in St. Lucie County, Florida, in the immediate vicinity of the original (type) locality. He noted that other populations identified as this taxon actually are “Cereus gracilis,” which is presumably H. simpsonii.
Harrisia fragrans is in the Center for Plant Conservation’s National Collection of Endangered Plants.
Selected References
Lower Taxa
None.