familyHamamelidaceae
genusFothergilla
Show Lower Taxa
Difference between revisions of "Fothergilla"
in Linnaeus, Syst. Veg. ed. 13, 418. 1774.
Common names: Witch-alder
Etymology: for Dr. John Fothergill, (1712-1780), London physician and patron of early American botany
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3.
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|accepted_name=Fothergilla | |accepted_name=Fothergilla | ||
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|title=in Linnaeus, Syst. Veg. ed. | |title=in Linnaeus, Syst. Veg. ed. | ||
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| − | --><span class="statement" id="st- | + | --><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Shrubs,</b> usually multitrunked, from short stolons, often forming dense clumps, not aromatic or resinous; twigs, leaves, and flower buds stellate-pubescent. <b>Bark</b> light gray on mature branches, smooth. <b>Dormant</b> buds naked, densely stellate-pubescent; terminal bud short-stalked or sessile, with 2-4 subtending scales. <b>Leaves</b> short-petiolate. <b>Leaf</b> blade elliptic to obovate to oblong, ovate, to nearly orbiculate, unlobed, pinnately veined, base oblique, cuneate, truncate to rounded, margins transparent, crenate or serrate-dentate, occasionally undulate to entire, apex rounded to acute. <b>Inflorescences</b> terminal, elongate, many flowered, dense spikes, sessile or short-pedunculate. <b>Flowers</b> bisexual, fragrant, basal flowers functionally staminate, appearing before leaves; calyx lobes 5-7(-9), erect, minute, irregular, forming shallowly campanulate hypanthium with adnate androecium; sepals connate; petals absent; stamens 12-32, conspicuous, in centrifugal sequence on rim of hypanthium; filaments white, 4-17 mm, conspicuous, the longest somewhat club-shaped distally; anthers dehiscing by 2 flaps; staminodes absent; ovary adnate to hypanthium, ca. 1/3 its length; styles 2, becoming hornlike, with recurved tip. <b>Capsules</b> in groups of more than 3, stylar beaks prominent, appressed stellate-pubescent mixed with longer, straight hairs on calyx rim and distally, loculicidal. <b>Seeds</b> 2 per capsule, reddish brown, glossy, bony, not winged. <b>x</b> = 12.</span><!-- |
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| − | |distribution=Temperate regions;e North America | + | |distribution=Temperate regions;e North America. |
|discussion=<p>Species 2 (2 in the flora).</p><!-- | |discussion=<p>Species 2 (2 in the flora).</p><!-- | ||
| − | --><p>The species of Fothergilla are spring-flowering shrubs with inflorescences of apetalous flowers and heads of showy white stamens. Both species are in cultivation. The relationship of Fothergilla to other genera of the Hamamelidaceae is unclear. The genus is restricted to the southeastern United States.</p> | + | --><p>The species of <i>Fothergilla</i> are spring-flowering shrubs with inflorescences of apetalous flowers and heads of showy white stamens. Both species are in cultivation. The relationship of <i>Fothergilla</i> to other genera of the Hamamelidaceae is unclear. The genus is restricted to the southeastern United States.</p> |
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|references={{Treatment/Reference | |references={{Treatment/Reference | ||
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name=Fothergilla | name=Fothergilla | ||
| − | + | |authority=Murray | |
| − | |authority=Murray | ||
|rank=genus | |rank=genus | ||
|parent rank=family | |parent rank=family | ||
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|basionyms= | |basionyms= | ||
|family=Hamamelidaceae | |family=Hamamelidaceae | ||
| − | |distribution=Temperate regions;e North America | + | |distribution=Temperate regions;e North America. |
|reference=weaver1969a | |reference=weaver1969a | ||
|publication title=in Linnaeus, Syst. Veg. ed. | |publication title=in Linnaeus, Syst. Veg. ed. | ||
|publication year=1774 | |publication year=1774 | ||
|special status= | |special status= | ||
| − | |source xml=https:// | + | |source xml=https://bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation/src/2e0870ddd59836b60bcf96646a41e87ea5a5943a/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V3/V3_996.xml |
|genus=Fothergilla | |genus=Fothergilla | ||
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Latest revision as of 22:52, 5 November 2020
Shrubs, usually multitrunked, from short stolons, often forming dense clumps, not aromatic or resinous; twigs, leaves, and flower buds stellate-pubescent. Bark light gray on mature branches, smooth. Dormant buds naked, densely stellate-pubescent; terminal bud short-stalked or sessile, with 2-4 subtending scales. Leaves short-petiolate. Leaf blade elliptic to obovate to oblong, ovate, to nearly orbiculate, unlobed, pinnately veined, base oblique, cuneate, truncate to rounded, margins transparent, crenate or serrate-dentate, occasionally undulate to entire, apex rounded to acute. Inflorescences terminal, elongate, many flowered, dense spikes, sessile or short-pedunculate. Flowers bisexual, fragrant, basal flowers functionally staminate, appearing before leaves; calyx lobes 5-7(-9), erect, minute, irregular, forming shallowly campanulate hypanthium with adnate androecium; sepals connate; petals absent; stamens 12-32, conspicuous, in centrifugal sequence on rim of hypanthium; filaments white, 4-17 mm, conspicuous, the longest somewhat club-shaped distally; anthers dehiscing by 2 flaps; staminodes absent; ovary adnate to hypanthium, ca. 1/3 its length; styles 2, becoming hornlike, with recurved tip. Capsules in groups of more than 3, stylar beaks prominent, appressed stellate-pubescent mixed with longer, straight hairs on calyx rim and distally, loculicidal. Seeds 2 per capsule, reddish brown, glossy, bony, not winged. x = 12.
Distribution
Temperate regions, e North America.
Discussion
Species 2 (2 in the flora).
The species of Fothergilla are spring-flowering shrubs with inflorescences of apetalous flowers and heads of showy white stamens. Both species are in cultivation. The relationship of Fothergilla to other genera of the Hamamelidaceae is unclear. The genus is restricted to the southeastern United States.
Selected References
Lower Taxa
Key
| 1 | Shrubs, 3–10(–20) dm, branches slender; inflorescences 1.5–4.2 × 1.5–3.5 cm; stipules 1.5–4(–6.1) mm; leaf blade elliptic-oblong, obovate, or somewhat orbiculate, base symmetric, 1.9–6 × 1.3–4.5 cm, distal margins dentate and mucronate-toothed or entire; veins 4–5 pairs. | Fothergilla gardenii |
| 1 | Shrubs, 7–65 dm, branches robust; inflorescences 3–6 × 2–3 cm; stipules 2.8–7(–10.2) mm; leaf blade broadly elliptic or somewhat orbiculate to obovate, base asymmetric, 2.5–13.5 × 4.2–12.5 cm, distal margins sinuate to repand and mucronate-toothed, rarely entire, veins (4–)5–6(–7) pairs. | Fothergilla major |