Viola cucullata

Aiton

Hort. Kew. 3: 288. 1789.

Common names: Marsh blue or northern bog or marsh or blue marsh violet violette cucullée
Endemic
Synonyms: Viola cucullata var. leptosepala (Greene) W. Stone V. cucullata var. macrotis (Greene) W. Stone V. cucullata var. microtitis Brainerd V. dicksonii V. leptosepala V. macrotis
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 6. Treatment on page 128. Mentioned on page 116, 120, 125, 139, 156, 159.
Revision as of 22:43, 16 December 2019 by FNA>Volume Importer

Plants perennial, acaulescent, not stoloniferous, 5–20 cm; rhizome thick, fleshy. Leaves basal, 4–8, ascending to erect; stipules linear-lanceolate, margins entire, apex acute; petiole 6–20 cm, usually glabrous; blade unlobed, ovate to reniform, 1.5–11 × 1–9 cm, base reniform to cordate, margins crenate to serrate, ciliate, apex acute or obtuse to slightly caudate, surfaces glabrous, rarely pubescent. Peduncles 7–25 cm, glabrous or pubescent. Flowers: sepals lanceolate, margins ciliate or eciliate, auricles 3–6 mm; petals light to dark blue-violet to violet on both surfaces, upper 2 and lateral 2 darker basally, lateral 2 densely bearded, lowest white basally, dark purple-veined, 9–13 mm, spur color same as petals, gibbous, 2–3 mm; style head beardless; cleistogamous flowers on erect peduncles. Capsules ellipsoid to ± ovoid, 10–15 mm, glabrous. Seeds beige, mottled to bronze, 1–2 mm. 2n = 54.


Phenology: Flowering Apr–Jun.
Habitat: Open or wooded wet areas, seeps, springs, swamps, marshes, streamsides
Elevation: 0–2000 m

Distribution

V6 213-distribution-map.jpg

St. Pierre and Miquelon, N.B., Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.), N.S., Ont., P.E.I., Que., Ark., Conn., Del., D.C., Ga., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Ky., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Miss., Mo., N.H., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Pa., R.I., S.C., Tenn., Vt., Va., W.Va., Wis.

Discussion

Viola cucullata reportedly hybridizes with V. sororia (= V. ×bissellii House), V. brittoniana (= V. ×notabilis E. P. Bicknell), and V. sagittata var. sagittata (= V. ×porteriana House).

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Viola cucullata"
R. John Little +  and Landon E. McKinney† +
Marsh blue or northern bog or marsh or blue marsh violet +  and violette cucullée +
St. Pierre and Miquelon +, N.B. +, Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.) +, N.S. +, Ont. +, P.E.I. +, Que. +, Ark. +, Conn. +, Del. +, D.C. +, Ga. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Ky. +, Maine +, Md. +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Miss. +, Mo. +, N.H. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, Ohio +, Pa. +, R.I. +, S.C. +, Tenn. +, Vt. +, Va. +, W.Va. +  and Wis. +
0–2000 m +
Open or wooded wet areas, seeps, springs, swamps, marshes, streamsides +
Flowering Apr–Jun. +
Viola cucullata var. leptosepala +, V. cucullata var. macrotis +, V. cucullata var. microtitis +, V. dicksonii +, V. leptosepala +  and V. macrotis +
Viola cucullata +
species +