Difference between revisions of "Delphinium trolliifolium"

A. Gray

Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 8: 375. 1872.

Common names: Cow-poison poison larkspur
Endemic
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3.
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--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="stem atypical some measurement;stem atypical some measurement;stem some measurement"><b>Stems </b>(40-) 60-120 (-180) cm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="base coloration;base pubescence;base pubescence;base pubescence">base usually reddish, glabrous to puberulent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="leaf position"><b>Leaves </b>mostly cauline at anthesis;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="basal leaf atypical quantity;basal leaf presence">basal leaves 0 (-3) at anthesis;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="cauline leaf quantity">cauline leaves 5-12 at anthesis;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="petiole some measurement">petiole 0.5-17 cm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="leaf-blade shape;leaf-blade length;leaf-blade width;margin shape;margin pubescence"><b>Leaf-</b>blade ± pentagonal, 4-8 × 7-16 cm, margins ± incised, nearly glabrous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="ultimate lobe quantity;ultimate lobe width;ultimate lobe some measurement;ultimate lobe width">ultimate lobes 0-9, width 15-30 mm (basal), 5-20 mm (cauline), widest at middle or in proximal 1/2.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="inflorescence architecture;inflorescence architecture;inflorescence l w ratio"><b>Inflorescences </b>(5-) 14-40 (-75) -flowered, ± open, at least 2 times longer than wide;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="pedicel atypical some measurement;pedicel some measurement;pedicel pubescence;pedicel pubescence;pedicel pubescence">pedicel 1-4 (-9) cm, puberulent to glabrous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="bracteole atypical some measurement;bracteole location;bracteole coloration;bracteole arrangement or course or shape;bracteole atypical some measurement;bracteole some measurement;bracteole pubescence">bracteoles (2-) 6-12 mm from flowers, green, linear, 5-9 (-14) mm, puberulent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="sepal coloration;sepal pubescence;lateral sepal orientation;lateral sepal atypical length;lateral sepal length;lateral sepal width;spur course;spur orientation;apex degree"><b>Flowers:</b> sepals dark blue, glabrous, lateral sepals spreading, (8-) 14-21 × 5-9 mm, spurs straight or downcurved at apex, within 20° of horizontal, (10-) 16-23 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="petal blade some measurement;cleft some measurement">lower petal blades covering stamens, 5-10 mm, clefts 1.5-3 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="hair count or density;hair position;hair position;hair density;hair coloration">hairs sparse, mostly near junction of blade and claw, centered or on inner lobes, well dispersed, yellow.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="fruit atypical some measurement;fruit some measurement;fruit l w ratio;fruit pubescence"><b>Fruits </b>(15-) 23-34 mm, 3.8-5.5 times longer than wide, glabrous.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="seed architecture"><b>Seeds </b>unwinged;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="">seed-coats smooth.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="seed-coat architecture or pubescence or relief;2n chromosome quantity">2n = 16.</span><!--
+
--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Stems </b>(40-)60-120(-180) cm; base usually reddish, glabrous to puberulent. <b>Leaves</b> mostly cauline at anthesis; basal leaves 0(-3) at anthesis; cauline leaves 5-12 at anthesis; petiole 0.5-17 cm. <b>Leaf</b> blade ± pentagonal, 4-8 × 7-16 cm, margins ± incised, nearly glabrous; ultimate lobes 0-9, width 15-30 mm (basal), 5-20 mm (cauline), widest at middle or in proximal 1/2. <b>Inflorescences</b> (5-)14-40(-75)-flowered, ± open, at least 2 times longer than wide; pedicel 1-4(-9) cm, puberulent to glabrous; bracteoles (2-)6-12 mm from flowers, green, linear, 5-9(-14) mm, puberulent. <b>Flowers</b>: sepals dark blue, glabrous, lateral sepals spreading, (8-)14-21 × 5-9 mm, spurs straight or downcurved at apex, within 20° of horizontal, (10-)16-23 mm; lower petal blades covering stamens, 5-10 mm, clefts 1.5-3 mm; hairs sparse, mostly near junction of blade and claw, centered or on inner lobes, well dispersed, yellow. <b>Fruits</b> (15-)23-34 mm, 3.8-5.5 times longer than wide, glabrous. <b>Seeds</b> unwinged; seed coats smooth. <b>2n</b> = 16.</span><!--
  
 
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|elevation=30-1100 m
 
|elevation=30-1100 m
 
|distribution=Calif.;Oreg.
 
|distribution=Calif.;Oreg.
|discussion=<p>Delphinium trolliifolium occurs in the northern Coast Range of California, the Columbia River Valley to just east of Mt. Hood, and the Willamette Valley of Oregon upstream to Lane County. California plants differ somewhat from Oregon plants in pubescence patterns and habitat preferences. Further study may show that two entities are involved here.</p><!--
+
|discussion=<p><i>Delphinium trolliifolium</i> occurs in the northern Coast Range of California, the Columbia River Valley to just east of Mt. Hood, and the Willamette Valley of Oregon upstream to Lane County. California plants differ somewhat from Oregon plants in pubescence patterns and habitat preferences. Further study may show that two entities are involved here.</p><!--
--><p>Hybrids between Delphinium trolliifolium and D. decorum, D. menziesii subsp. pallidum (D. ×pavonaceum Ewan, Peacock larkspur), D. nudicaule, D. nuttallianum, and D. nuttallii are known. Delphinium trolliifolium is likely to be confused only with D. bakeri. Refer to discussion under that species for differences.</p>
+
--><p>Hybrids between <i>Delphinium trolliifolium</i> and <i>D. decorum</i>, <i>D. menziesii </i>subsp.<i> pallidum</i> (D. ×pavonaceum Ewan, Peacock larkspur), <i>D. nudicaule</i>, <i>D. nuttallianum</i>, and <i>D. nuttallii</i> are known. <i>Delphinium trolliifolium</i> is likely to be confused only with <i>D. bakeri</i>. Refer to discussion under that species for differences.</p>
 
|tables=
 
|tables=
 
|references=
 
|references=
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-->{{#Taxon:
 
-->{{#Taxon:
 
name=Delphinium trolliifolium
 
name=Delphinium trolliifolium
|author=
 
 
|authority=A. Gray
 
|authority=A. Gray
 
|rank=species
 
|rank=species
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|publication year=1872
 
|publication year=1872
 
|special status=Endemic
 
|special status=Endemic
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/287ef3db526bd807d435a3c7423ef2df1e951227/V3/V3_999.xml
+
|source xml=https://bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation/src/2e0870ddd59836b60bcf96646a41e87ea5a5943a/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V3/V3_999.xml
 
|genus=Delphinium
 
|genus=Delphinium
 
|section=Delphinium sect. Diedropetala
 
|section=Delphinium sect. Diedropetala
 
|subsection=Delphinium subsect. Grumosa
 
|subsection=Delphinium subsect. Grumosa
 
|species=Delphinium trolliifolium
 
|species=Delphinium trolliifolium
|2n chromosome quantity=16
 
|apex degree=20°
 
|basal leaf atypical quantity=0;3
 
|basal leaf presence=absent
 
|base coloration=reddish
 
|base pubescence=glabrous;puberulent
 
|bracteole arrangement or course or shape=linear
 
|bracteole atypical some measurement=9mm;14mm
 
|bracteole coloration=green
 
|bracteole location=6mm;12mm
 
|bracteole pubescence=puberulent
 
|bracteole some measurement=5mm;9mm
 
|cauline leaf quantity=5;12
 
|cleft some measurement=1.5mm;3mm
 
|fruit atypical some measurement=15mm;23mm
 
|fruit l w ratio=3.8-5.5
 
|fruit pubescence=glabrous
 
|fruit some measurement=23mm;34mm
 
|hair coloration=yellow
 
|hair count or density=sparse
 
|hair density=dispersed
 
|hair position=on inner lobes;centered
 
|inflorescence architecture=open;(5-)14-40(-75)-flowered
 
|inflorescence l w ratio=2
 
|lateral sepal atypical length=8mm;14mm
 
|lateral sepal length=14mm;21mm
 
|lateral sepal orientation=spreading
 
|lateral sepal width=5mm;9mm
 
|leaf position=cauline
 
|leaf-blade length=4cm;8cm
 
|leaf-blade shape=pentagonal
 
|leaf-blade width=7cm;16cm
 
|margin pubescence=glabrous
 
|margin shape=incised
 
|pedicel atypical some measurement=4cm;9cm
 
|pedicel pubescence=puberulent;glabrous
 
|pedicel some measurement=1cm;4cm
 
|petal blade some measurement=5mm;10mm
 
|petiole some measurement=0.5cm;17cm
 
|seed architecture=unwinged
 
|seed-coat architecture or pubescence or relief=smooth
 
|sepal coloration=dark blue
 
|sepal pubescence=glabrous
 
|spur course=straight
 
|spur orientation=downcurved
 
|stem atypical some measurement=120cm;180cm
 
|stem some measurement=60cm;120cm
 
|ultimate lobe quantity=0;9
 
|ultimate lobe some measurement=5mm;20mm
 
|ultimate lobe width=widest;15mm;30mm
 
 
}}<!--
 
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-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Delphinium subsect. Grumosa]]
 
-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Delphinium subsect. Grumosa]]

Latest revision as of 21:52, 5 November 2020

Stems (40-)60-120(-180) cm; base usually reddish, glabrous to puberulent. Leaves mostly cauline at anthesis; basal leaves 0(-3) at anthesis; cauline leaves 5-12 at anthesis; petiole 0.5-17 cm. Leaf blade ± pentagonal, 4-8 × 7-16 cm, margins ± incised, nearly glabrous; ultimate lobes 0-9, width 15-30 mm (basal), 5-20 mm (cauline), widest at middle or in proximal 1/2. Inflorescences (5-)14-40(-75)-flowered, ± open, at least 2 times longer than wide; pedicel 1-4(-9) cm, puberulent to glabrous; bracteoles (2-)6-12 mm from flowers, green, linear, 5-9(-14) mm, puberulent. Flowers: sepals dark blue, glabrous, lateral sepals spreading, (8-)14-21 × 5-9 mm, spurs straight or downcurved at apex, within 20° of horizontal, (10-)16-23 mm; lower petal blades covering stamens, 5-10 mm, clefts 1.5-3 mm; hairs sparse, mostly near junction of blade and claw, centered or on inner lobes, well dispersed, yellow. Fruits (15-)23-34 mm, 3.8-5.5 times longer than wide, glabrous. Seeds unwinged; seed coats smooth. 2n = 16.


Phenology: Flowering spring.
Habitat: Oak woods, coastal chaparral, wet woodlands
Elevation: 30-1100 m

Discussion

Delphinium trolliifolium occurs in the northern Coast Range of California, the Columbia River Valley to just east of Mt. Hood, and the Willamette Valley of Oregon upstream to Lane County. California plants differ somewhat from Oregon plants in pubescence patterns and habitat preferences. Further study may show that two entities are involved here.

Hybrids between Delphinium trolliifolium and D. decorum, D. menziesii subsp. pallidum (D. ×pavonaceum Ewan, Peacock larkspur), D. nudicaule, D. nuttallianum, and D. nuttallii are known. Delphinium trolliifolium is likely to be confused only with D. bakeri. Refer to discussion under that species for differences.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.