View source for Sciuro-hypnum

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Sciuro-hypnum
|accepted_authority=(Hampe) Hampe
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Linnaea
|place=38: 220. 1874
|year=1874
}}
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym
|name=Hypnum sect. Sciuro-hypnum
|authority=Hampe
|rank=section
|publication_title=Flora
|publication_place=50: 76. 1867
}}
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Brachytheciaceae;Sciuro-hypnum
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Brachytheciaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Sciuro-hypnum]]</div></div>
|etymology=Latin sciurus, squirrel, and genus Hypnum, alluding to appearance reminiscent of squirrel tail
|volume=Volume 28
|mention_page=page 405, 406, 407, 408, 414, 456, 655, 656, 657
|treatment_page=page 455
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>small to large, in dense or loose tufts, light to deep green, sometimes yellowish, brownish, or rarely brownish red with age. <b>Stems</b> creeping, ascending, or arching, not attenuate, loosely to densely terete- or rarely complanate-foliate, julaceous or not, irregularly to sometimes fairly regularly pinnate, branches somewhat more densely foliate than stem, terete- to complanate-foliate; central strand present; pseudoparaphyllia acute; axillary hairs of 2–3(–5) cells. <b>Stem</b> leaves erect to patent and reflexed, loosely arranged to closely imbricate, broadly ovate, ovate-lanceolate, or deltoid, slightly to strongly concave, indistinctly plicate to not plicate; base broadly or narrowly short- or long-decurrent; margins coarsely serrate to subentire; apex gradually or abruptly tapered, acuminate, acute, or apiculate; costa reaching mid leaf to percurrent, strong, weak, or broad proximally and narrowed distally, terminal abaxial spine small or absent; alar cells subquadrate to short-rectangular, enlarged or not, walls thin or moderately thick; laminal cells slightly elongate (3–4:1) to linear (10–20:1), smooth (occasionally prorate abaxially in <i>S. starkei</i>), walls thin to moderately thick; basal juxtacostal cells undifferentiated, or broader and region pellucid, or slightly broader, walls moderately thick, and region opaque across base. <b>Branch</b> leaves smaller, narrower; costal terminal spine more often present; laminal cells not prorate. <b>Sexual</b> condition autoicous (dioicous in <i>S. hylotapetum</i> and <i>S. latifolium</i>); perichaetial leaves reflexed. <b>Seta</b> red-brown or sometimes cherry red, rough or sometimes weakly so to almost smooth. <b>Capsule</b> inclined, horizontal, or pendent, dark red-brown, elongate to short-ovate, straight or curved; annulus separating by fragments; operculum conic to long-conic, occasionally short-rostrate; peristome xerocastique, perfect. <b>Calyptra</b> naked. <b>Spores</b> 9–20 µm.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Nearly worldwide;boreal and temperate zones;alpine to middle elevations in the tropics.
|discussion=<p>Species ca. 30 (11 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p><i>Sciuro-hypnum</i> was segregated from <i>Brachythecium</i> by M. S. Ignatov and S. Huttunen (2002). Previously, species of <i>Sciuro-hypnum</i> were placed in <i>Brachythecium</i> in two sections: sect. Reflexa Brotherus and sect. Plumosa De Notaris (V. F. Brotherus 1924–1925). <i>Sciuro-hypnum</i> differs from <i>Brachythecium</i> in the mostly small plant size, the almost always autoicous sexual condition (except <i>S. hylotapetum</i> and <i>S. latifolium</i>), and rough setae. Among species of <i>Brachythecium</i>, the combination of autoicous sexual condition and a rough seta is uncommon in North America and is known only in <i>B. bolanderi</i>, <i>B. campestre</i>, and <i>B. rutabulum</i>. The stem leaves are occasionally twisted or falcate-secund. Immature capsules are sometimes strongly patent to circinate with the operculum turned upward.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Costae to 80% leaf length to percurrent
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Costae to 20-80% leaf length
|[[#key-0-6| > 6]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Basal laminal cells relatively small, quadrate, subquadrate, or short-ovate, regions opaque across base; alar cells similar to juxtacostal cells
|[[#key-0-3| > 3]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Basal juxtacostal cells somewhat wider and shorter than laminal cells, not clearly differentiated; alar cells ± enlarged, usually pellucid, sometimes appearing opaque due to collapsed cytoplasm, in this case opaque regions restricted to leaf corners, reaching from margin 50% distance to costa
|[[#key-0-4| > 4]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Leaves straight; widespread.
|[[Sciuro-hypnum populeum|Sciuro-hypnum populeum]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Leaves falcate-secund to reflexed; Alaska.
|[[Sciuro-hypnum uncinifolium|Sciuro-hypnum uncinifolium]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Laminal cells 3-6:1.
|[[Sciuro-hypnum reflexum|Sciuro-hypnum reflexum]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Laminal cells (6-)7-15:1
|[[#key-0-5| > 5]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Plants soft; stems irregularly or rarely regularly pinnate; stem leaves appressed to stem at bases; apices long-acuminate; branch leaf distal laminal cells smooth.
|[[Sciuro-hypnum reflexum|Sciuro-hypnum reflexum]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Plants rigid; stems regularly pinnate, at least in part; stem leaves erect- to wide-spreading; apices gradually tapered or rarely short-acuminate; branch leaf distal laminal cells prorate.
|[[Sciuro-hypnum starkei|Sciuro-hypnum starkei]]
|-id=key-0-6
|6
|Plants large, whitish to pale yellowish; stem leaves 2.2-3.7 × 1.3-2 mm; sexual condition dioicous; montane forests of w North America.
|[[Sciuro-hypnum hylotapetum|Sciuro-hypnum hylotapetum]]
|-id=key-0-6
|6
|Plants small to moderately large, green, yellow, or brownish, occasionally reddish; stem leaves no larger than 1.4-2.4 × 0.9-1.5 mm; sexual condition usually autoicous; widespread
|[[#key-0-7| > 7]]
|-id=key-0-7
|7
|Alar cell walls moderately thick, regions not pellucid
|[[#key-0-8| > 8]]
|-id=key-0-7
|7
|Alar cell walls thin, regions pellucid
|[[#key-0-10| > 10]]
|-id=key-0-8
|8
|Leaves ovate-lanceolate to ovate.
|[[Sciuro-hypnum plumosum|Sciuro-hypnum plumosum]]
|-id=key-0-8
|8
|Leaves ovate or ovate-triangular
|[[#key-0-9| > 9]]
|-id=key-0-9
|9
|Leaves 1-1.5(-1.8) × 0.6-0.9(-1.1) mm; apices acute or short-acuminate; bases short-decurrent, inconspicuous; arctic to alpine.
|[[Sciuro-hypnum glaciale|Sciuro-hypnum glaciale]]
|-id=key-0-9
|9
|Leaves (1.2-)1.6-2.2 × (0.5-)0.7-1.1 mm; apices short- to long-acuminate; bases broadly long-decurrent, conspicuous; widespread in mountains of w North America, mainly forest, occasionally alpine.
|[[Sciuro-hypnum oedipodium|Sciuro-hypnum oedipodium]]
|-id=key-0-10
|10
|Leaf margins entire or minutely serrulate in acumen; plants light green to yellowish; sexual condition dioicous.
|[[Sciuro-hypnum latifolium|Sciuro-hypnum latifolium]]
|-id=key-0-10
|10
|Leaf margins serrate to subentire; plants usually darker green; sexual condition autoicous
|[[#key-0-11| > 11]]
|-id=key-0-11
|11
|Leaves imbricate, strongly concave, broadly ovate to broadly oblong; apices broadly acute, often short-apiculate; rare, Arctic Alaska.
|[[Sciuro-hypnum ornellanum|Sciuro-hypnum ornellanum]]
|-id=key-0-11
|11
|Leaves loosely arranged, slightly concave, ovate or ovate-triangular; apices gradually acuminate to narrowly acute; widespread in boreal and hemiboreal forests of e North America, rare in Rocky Mountains.
|[[Sciuro-hypnum curtum|Sciuro-hypnum curtum]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Sciuro-hypnum
|author=Michael S. Ignatov
|authority=(Hampe) Hampe
|rank=genus
|parent rank=family
|synonyms=
|basionyms=Hypnum sect. Sciuro-hypnum
|family=Brachytheciaceae
|distribution=Nearly worldwide;boreal and temperate zones;alpine to middle elevations in the tropics.
|reference=None
|publication title=Linnaea
|publication year=1874
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/bb6b7e3a7de7d3b7888a1ad48c7fd8f5c722d8d6/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V28/V28_709.xml
|genus=Sciuro-hypnum
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Brachytheciaceae]]