View source for Camelina

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Camelina
|accepted_authority=Crantz
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Stirp. Austr. Fasc.
|place=1: 17. 1762
|year=1762
}}
|common_names=Flaxweed;false-flax;gold-of-pleasure
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Brassicaceae;Brassicaceae tribe Camelineae;Camelina
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Brassicaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Brassicaceae tribe Camelineae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Camelina]]</div></div>
|etymology=Greek chamai, dwarf or on the ground, and linon, flax, alluding to suppressing influence on growth of flax
|volume=Volume 7
|mention_page=page 236, 240
|treatment_page=page 451
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Annuals </b>or biennials; not scapose; pubescent, glabrescent, or glabrous, trichomes simple or short-stalked, with forked to substellate or subdendritic (smaller) ones. <b>Stems</b> erect, unbranched basally, branched distally, (basally hirsute with simple trichomes or sparsely pubescent with branched ones). <b>Leaves</b> basal and cauline; petiolate or subsessile; basal (often withered by flowering), rosulate or not, petiolate, blade margins entire or toothed or, rarely, lobed; cauline blade (base auriculate or sagittate), margins entire, dentate to lobed, or denticulate. <b>Racemes</b> (corymbose, several-flowered), considerably elongated in fruit, (rachis straight, rarely strongly flexuous). <b>Fruiting</b> pedicels ascending to divaricate, slender. <b>Flowers</b>: sepals erect to ascending, oblong or ovate; petals usually yellow, rarely white, oblanceolate [spatulate], (longer than sepals), claw and blade somewhat differentiated, (apex obtuse); stamens in 3 pairs of unequal length; filaments not dilated basally; anthers ovate or oblong, (apex obtuse); nectar glands (4), lateral, 1 on each side of lateral stamen. <b>Fruits</b> silicles or, rarely, siliques, dehiscent, shortly stipitate, pyriform, obovoid, or depressed globose [linear], keeled or not, slightly latiseptate; valves each with prominent or obscure midvein, (leathery, smooth, margins of each flattened and connate, apex abruptly caudate and extending 1–2.5 mm onto, and appearing as part of, style), pubescent; replum concealed by connate margins of valves; septum complete; ovules 8–25 per ovary; stigma capitate. <b>Seeds</b> biseriate or, rarely, uniseriate, plump or slightly flattened, not winged or narrowly margined, oblong; seed coat (minutely reticulate), copiously mucilaginous when wetted; cotyledons incumbent or, rarely, accumbent. <b>x</b> = 6, 7, 10, 13.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Europe;Asia;n Africa;introduced also in South America;Australia.
|discussion=<p>Species 8 (4 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>Some authors have studied allelopathic and other effects of <i>Camelina</i> on the growth and production of flax, and the interested reader should consult I. A. Al-Shehbaz (1987) for leads. Some species, especially <i>C. sativa</i>, were cultivated for their fibers and seed oil by the Romans as early as 600 b.c., and remain in cultivation in some parts of eastern Europe and Russia.</p><!--
--><p><i>Camelina alyssum</i> and <i>C. sativa</i> may no longer be established in the United States.</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=mcgregor1985a
|text=McGregor, R. L. 1985. Current status of the genus Camelina (Brassicaceae) in the prairies and plants of central North America. Contr. Univ. Kansas Herb. 15: 1–13.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=tedin1925a
|text=Tedin, O. 1925. Vererbung, Variation und Systematik der Gattung Camelina. Hereditas (Lund) 6: 275–386.
}}
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Fruits 3.5-7 mm, valves obscurely veined; seeds 0.8-1.5 mm; stems basally with simple trichomes (to 2.5-3.5 mm), these often mixed with branched ones
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Fruits 7-13 mm, valves prominently veined; seeds (1.5-)1.8-3 mm; stems basally glabrous or trichomes almost exclusively minute and branched, rarely trichomes simple
|[[#key-0-3| > 3]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Petals pale yellow, (2.5-)3-4(-6) mm; basal leaves withered by anthesis.
|[[Camelina microcarpa|Camelina microcarpa]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Petals white or creamy white, (5-)6-8(-9) mm; basal leaves persistent after anthesis.
|[[Camelina rumelica|Camelina rumelica]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Fruits pyriform to broadly obovoid, 4-5(-6) mm wide, distinctly longer than wide; cauline leaf blade margins entire or denticulate.
|[[Camelina sativa|Camelina sativa]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Fruits depressed globose, (5.5-)6.5-8(-9) mm wide, nearly as long as wide or slightly longer; cauline leaf blade margins coarsely dentate to lobed.
|[[Camelina alyssum|Camelina alyssum]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Camelina
|author=Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz;Mark A. Beilstein
|authority=Crantz
|rank=genus
|parent rank=tribe
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Brassicaceae
|distribution=Europe;Asia;n Africa;introduced also in South America;Australia.
|introduced=true
|reference=mcgregor1985a;tedin1925a
|publication title=Stirp. Austr. Fasc.
|publication year=1762
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f6b125a955440c0872999024f038d74684f65921/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V7/V7_686.xml
|tribe=Brassicaceae tribe Camelineae
|genus=Camelina
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Brassicaceae tribe Camelineae]]