View source for Cylindropuntia acanthocarpa

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Cylindropuntia acanthocarpa
|accepted_authority=(Engelmann & J. M. Bigelow) F. M. Knuth in C. Backeberg and F. M. Knuth
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=in C. Backeberg and F. M. Knuth, Kaktus-ABC,
|place=124. 1935
|year=1935
}}
|common_names=Buckhorn cholla
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Opuntia acanthocarpa
|authority=Engelmann & J. M. Bigelow
}}
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Cactaceae;Cactaceae subfam. Opuntioideae;Cylindropuntia;Cylindropuntia acanthocarpa
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Cactaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Cactaceae subfam. Opuntioideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Cylindropuntia]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Cylindropuntia acanthocarpa]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 4
|mention_page=page 104, 107, 110, 111
|treatment_page=
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="tree architecture;tree atypical some measurement;tree some measurement;shrub architecture;shrub atypical some measurement;shrub some measurement"><b>Trees </b>or shrubs, sparsely to densely branched, 1–2 (–4) m.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="stem segment fixation;stem segment shape;stem segment atypical length;stem segment length;stem segment atypical width;stem segment width"><b>Stem </b>segments firmly attached, cylindric, 10–30 (–50) × 2–2.5 (–3) cm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="tubercle prominence;tubercle width;tubercle width;tubercle width;tubercle some measurement">tubercles prominent, narrow to broad, 1.5–4.5 cm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="areole shape;areole shape;areole shape;areole length;areole width">areoles elliptic to subcircular, 4–5.5 × 4–5 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="wool coloration;wool coloration;wool coloration;wool coloration;wool life cycle;wool coloration">wool white or yellowish to tan, aging gray-black.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="spine atypical count;spine count;spine count;spine height or length or size;spine architecture;areole margin count;areole margin height or length or size;areole margin architecture"><b>Spines </b>6–20 (–30+) per areole, often accompanied by 0–5 short bristlelike spines at areole margins, usually in distal areoles;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="abaxial spine size;abaxial spine orientation;abaxial spine arrangement;abaxial spine shape;abaxial spine shape;abaxial spine shape">major abaxial spines deflexed to divergent, subterete to flattened;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="adaxial spine size;adaxial spine arrangement;adaxial spine shape;adaxial spine coloration;adaxial spine coloration;adaxial spine coloration;adaxial spine coloration;adaxial spine coloration;adaxial spine life cycle;adaxial spine coloration;central spine length;central spine atypical some measurement;central spine some measurement">major adaxial spines ascending-divergent, terete, yellow or tan to deep redbrown, aging gray, the central spine longest, 12–30 (–38) mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="sheath coloration;sheath coloration;sheath coloration;sheath size;tip coloration;tip coloration;tip coloration">sheaths white to grayish with yellow to golden tips, baggy to tight-fitting.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="glochid coloration;glochid coloration;glochid coloration;glochid some measurement;adaxial tuft prominence;adaxial tuft size"><b>Glochids </b>in inconspicuous to small adaxial tuft, yellow to brown, 0.5–2 mm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="inner tepal coloration;inner tepal coloration;inner tepal coloration;inner tepal coloration;inner tepal shape;inner tepal some measurement;inner tepal architecture or shape"><b>Flowers:</b> inner tepals bright-yellow to bronze to brick-red, spatulate, 20–30 mm, apiculate-emarginate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="filament coloration">filaments red;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="anther coloration">anthers yellow;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="style coloration;style coloration;style coloration;stigma lobe coloration;stigma lobe coloration;stigma lobe coloration">style and stigma lobes white to light green.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="fruit coloration;fruit shape;fruit shape;fruit shape;fruit length;fruit width;fruit condition or texture;fruit relief;fruit architecture or shape;umbilicus depth"><b>Fruits </b>tan at maturity, obconic to ellipsoid, 15–35 × 15–20 mm, dry, tuberculate, densely to sparsely spiny (rarely spineless), with apical flange above shallow umbilicus;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="basal tubercle length">basal tubercles longest;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="areole count">areoles 12–30.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="seed coloration;seed coloration;seed coloration;seed shape;seed shape;seed shape;seed length;seed width;side architecture or pubescence or relief;depression count;depression size"><b>Seeds </b>pale-yellow to tan, angular or squarish in outline, warped, 3.5–5 × 3–4.5 mm, sides smooth, each with 2–4 large depressions;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="girdle architecture or pubescence or relief">girdle smooth.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=sw United States;n Mexico.
|discussion=<p>Varieties 4 (4 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>Cylindropuntia acanthocarpa hybridizes with C. abyssi, C. echinocarpa (= C. ×deserta), C. bigelovii (= C. ×campii), C. leptocaulis (see C. ×tetracantha), C. ×multigeniculata, C. spinosior, C. versicolor, and C. whipplei (= C. congesta). Hybrids of C. acanthocarpa and C. ×multigeniculata are more open in habit, with longer stem segments than C. ×multigeniculata and with reddish filaments like C. acanthocarpa.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Tubercles 2.5-4.5 cm, broad; stem segments gray-green; spines of adjacent areoles not or barely interlaced, 6-11(-14) per areole; fruits bearing few spines or sometimes spineless
|[[Cylindropuntia acanthocarpa var. thornbe|Cylindropuntia acanthocarpa var. thornbe]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Tubercles (1-)1.5-2.5(-3) cm, broad to narrow; stem segments green to yellow-green; spines of adjacent areoles interlaced; fruits densely spiny, sometimes burlike
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Abaxial 5-7 spines deflexed, usually subparallel, whitish to light brown; tubercles broad, oval; shrubs with few, ascending branches
|[[Cylindropuntia acanthocarpa var. acantho|Cylindropuntia acanthocarpa var. acantho]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Abaxial (14-)18-30+ spines deflexed to divergent, spreading, pale yellow to red-brown; tubercles narrowly elliptic; shrubs with few to many, spreading branches
|[[#key-0-3| > 3]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Branches usually at acute angles; stem segments yellowish green, usually long, commonly 15-30 cm; spines 18-30+, yellow to tan, sheaths baggy; inner tepals yellow
|[[Cylindropuntia acanthocarpa var. colorad|Cylindropuntia acanthocarpa var. colorad]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Branches usually at obtuse angles; stem segments green to dark green, usually short, commonly 8 -20 cm; spines 14-18(-23) per areole, yellow or red-brown, sheaths tight; inner tepals yellow to bronze to brick red
|[[Cylindropuntia acanthocarpa var. major|Cylindropuntia acanthocarpa var. major]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Cylindropuntia acanthocarpa
|author=
|authority=(Engelmann & J. M. Bigelow) F. M. Knuth in C. Backeberg and F. M. Knuth
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=
|basionyms=Opuntia acanthocarpa
|family=Cactaceae
|distribution=sw United States;n Mexico.
|reference=None
|publication title=in C. Backeberg and F. M. Knuth, Kaktus-ABC,
|publication year=1935
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/287ef3db526bd807d435a3c7423ef2df1e951227/V4/V4_222.xml
|subfamily=Cactaceae subfam. Opuntioideae
|genus=Cylindropuntia
|species=Cylindropuntia acanthocarpa
|abaxial spine arrangement=divergent
|abaxial spine orientation=deflexed
|abaxial spine shape=subterete;flattened
|abaxial spine size=major
|adaxial spine arrangement=ascending-divergent
|adaxial spine coloration=gray;tan;deep redbrown
|adaxial spine life cycle=aging
|adaxial spine shape=terete
|adaxial spine size=major
|adaxial tuft prominence=inconspicuous
|adaxial tuft size=small
|anther coloration=yellow
|areole count=12;30
|areole length=4mm;5.5mm
|areole margin architecture=bristlelike
|areole margin count=0;5
|areole margin height or length or size=short
|areole shape=elliptic;subcircular
|areole width=4mm;5mm
|basal tubercle length=longest
|central spine atypical some measurement=30mm;38mm
|central spine length=longest
|central spine some measurement=12mm;30mm
|depression count=2;4
|depression size=large
|filament coloration=red
|fruit architecture or shape=spiny
|fruit coloration=tan
|fruit condition or texture=dry
|fruit length=15mm;35mm
|fruit relief=tuberculate
|fruit shape=obconic;ellipsoid
|fruit width=15mm;20mm
|girdle architecture or pubescence or relief=smooth
|glochid coloration=yellow;brown
|glochid some measurement=0.5mm;2mm
|inner tepal architecture or shape=apiculate-emarginate
|inner tepal coloration=bright-yellow;bronze
|inner tepal shape=spatulate
|inner tepal some measurement=20mm;30mm
|seed coloration=pale-yellow;tan
|seed length=3.5mm;5mm
|seed shape=warped;squarish;angular
|seed width=3mm;4.5mm
|sheath coloration=white;grayish
|sheath size=tight-fitting
|shrub architecture=branched
|shrub atypical some measurement=2m;4m
|shrub some measurement=1m;2m
|side architecture or pubescence or relief=smooth
|spine architecture=bristlelike
|spine atypical count=20;30
|spine count=0;5
|spine height or length or size=short
|stem segment atypical length=30cm;50cm
|stem segment atypical width=2.5cm;3cm
|stem segment fixation=attached
|stem segment length=10cm;30cm
|stem segment shape=cylindric
|stem segment width=2cm;2.5cm
|stigma lobe coloration=white;light green
|style coloration=white;light green
|tip coloration=yellow;golden
|tree architecture=branched
|tree atypical some measurement=2m;4m
|tree some measurement=1m;2m
|tubercle prominence=prominent
|tubercle some measurement=1.5cm;4.5cm
|tubercle width=narrow;broad
|umbilicus depth=shallow
|wool coloration=gray-black;yellowish;tan
|wool life cycle=aging
}}<!--

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