View source for Sclerocactus whipplei

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Sclerocactus whipplei
|accepted_authority=(Engelmann & J. M. Bigelow) Britton & Rose
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Cact.
|place=3: 213. 1922
|year=1922
}}
|common_names=Whipple fishhook cactus
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym
|name=Echinocactus whipplei
|authority=Engelmann & J. M. Bigelow
|publication_title=Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts
|publication_place=3: 271. 1856
}}
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Ferocactus whipplei
|authority=(Engelmann & J. M. Bigelow) N. P. Taylor
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Pediocactus whipplei
|authority=(Engelmann & J. M. Bigelow) Arp
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Sclerocactus whipplei var. pygmaeus
|authority=Peebles
}}
|hierarchy=Cactaceae;Cactaceae subfam. Cactoideae;Sclerocactus;Sclerocactus whipplei
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Cactaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Cactaceae subfam. Cactoideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Sclerocactus]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Sclerocactus whipplei]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 4
|mention_page=page 201, 203
|treatment_page=page 199
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Stem </b>usually unbranched, depressed-spheric, or spheric to elongate-cylindric, 3–7(–14) × 4–9(–11) cm; ribs 13–15, tubercles usually evident on ribs. <b>Spines</b> densely covering stem; radial spines (5–)7–12 per areole, white except for abaxial 2 that are usually purplish pink, 0.6–27 mm; central spines 4(–5) per areole, terete to angled; abaxial central spine 1 per areole, purplish pink or reddish brown, somewhat angled, hooked, 16–45(–55) × 0.5–1 mm; lateral central spines 2 per areole, directed toward stem apex, purplish pink to white, 14–45 × 0.5–1 mm; adaxial central spine white, usually flat, ribbonlike or dagger-shaped, 17–65(–70) × 1.5–2(–3) mm. <b>Flowers</b> funnelform to campanulate, (1.5–)2.2–3.2 × 1.5–3.5 cm; outer tepals with greenish or reddish midstripes and yellow margins, oblanceolate, to 24 × 5 mm; inner tepals yellow, oblanceolate, to 30 × 6 mm; filaments yellow; anthers yellow; ovary minutely papillate, appearing smooth. <b>Fruits</b> irregularly dehiscent, green to tan, often reddish at maturity, ovoid, 10–25 × 6–15 mm, dry; scales few, scarious margined, minutely toothed, membranous-fringed. <b>Seeds</b> black, 2 × 2 mm, shiny; testa with rounded papillae.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering late Apr–May.
|habitat=Gravelly or sandy hills, canyon rims and mesas, desert grasslands, sagebrush or saltbush flats, or pinyon-juniper woodlands
|elevation=1500-1800 m
|distribution=Ariz.;Utah.
|discussion=<p><i>Sclerocactus whipplei</i>, is one of the more distinctive species, characterized by yellow flowers and the flattened, somewhat daggerlike, adaxial central spine directed toward the stem apex. Similar species are <i>S. sileri</i>, of northeast Coconino County, Arizona, and the yellow-flowered populations of <i>S. parviflorus</i>, often referred to as subspecies terrae-canyonae (K. D. Heil) K. D. Heil & J. M. Porter. However, <i>S. sileri</i> lacks the daggerlike adaxial central spines, has fruits that dehisce by vertical slits and flowers that are usually a more pale yellow to nearly white, often suffused with brown. <i>Sclerocactus parviflorus</i> similarly lacks the daggerlike adaxial central spines and possesses larger stems and flowers.</p><!--
--><p>Chloroplast DNA sequence data (J. M. Porter et al. 2000) support close relationships among <i>Sclerocactus whipplei</i>, <i>S. parviflorus</i>, and <i>S. cloverae</i>. Both <i>S. whipplei</i> and <i>S. parviflorus</i> possess identical DNA profiles for the gene studied.</p>
|tables=
|references=
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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Sclerocactus whipplei
|author=
|authority=(Engelmann & J. M. Bigelow) Britton & Rose
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Ferocactus whipplei;Pediocactus whipplei;Sclerocactus whipplei var. pygmaeus
|basionyms=Echinocactus whipplei
|family=Cactaceae
|phenology=Flowering late Apr–May.
|habitat=Gravelly or sandy hills, canyon rims and mesas, desert grasslands, sagebrush or saltbush flats, or pinyon-juniper woodlands
|elevation=1500-1800 m
|distribution=Ariz.;Utah.
|reference=None
|publication title=Cact.
|publication year=1922
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f6b125a955440c0872999024f038d74684f65921/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V4/V4_372.xml
|subfamily=Cactaceae subfam. Cactoideae
|genus=Sclerocactus
|species=Sclerocactus whipplei
}}<!--

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