View source for Ancistrocarphus

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Ancistrocarphus
|accepted_authority=A. Gray
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts
|place=7: 355. 1868
|year=1868
}}
|common_names=Groundstar
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Stylocline sect. Ancistrocarphus
|authority=(A. Gray) A. Gray
}}
|hierarchy=Asteraceae;Asteraceae tribe Gnaphalieae;Ancistrocarphus
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Asteraceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Asteraceae tribe Gnaphalieae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Ancistrocarphus]]</div></div>
|etymology=Greek ankistros, fishhook, and karphos, chaff, alluding to staminate paleae of type species
|volume=Volume 19
|mention_page=page 26, 388, 467
|treatment_page=page 465
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Annuals,</b> 0.5–14 cm. <b>Stems</b> 0 (<i>A. keilii</i>) or, usually, 2–10 and ascending to prostrate, sometimes 1 and ± erect. <b>Leaves</b> basal or basal and cauline; alternate; blades oblanceolate to obovate. <b>Heads</b> borne singly or in glomerules of 2–5 in ± cymiform arrays. <b>Involucres</b> 0 or inconspicuous. <b>Phyllaries</b> 0, vestigial, or 3–6, ± equal (unlike paleae, hyaline). <b>Receptacles</b> distally expanded,± fungiform or hourglass-shaped (heights 1–2 times diams.), glabrous. <b>Pistillate</b> paleae tardily falling or ± persistent, erect to ascending; bodies with 3 nerves (nerves ± parallel, prominent, or midnerves sometimes thinning with age, obscure), ± boat-shaped to ovoid, saccate most of lengths (obcompressed, not galeate, each enclosing a floret); wings erect or incurved (apical). <b>Staminate</b> paleae persistent, 5(–7), ± spreading proximally (and enlarged) in fruit, shorter than or surpassing pistillate paleae; bodies lanceolate or spatulate (apices incurved to uncinate). <b>Pistillate</b> florets 5–11. <b>Functionally</b> staminate florets 3–6; corolla (zygomorphic, ± gibbous in <i>A. keilii</i>) lobes 4–5(–6), equal or unequal. <b>Bisexual</b> florets 0. <b>Cypselae</b> uniformly brown or proximally black-banded, monomorphic: obcompressed, obovoid, slightly incurved, not gibbous, faces glabrous, smooth, dull; corolla scars apical; pappi 0.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=sw United States;nw Mexico.
|discussion=<p>Species 2 (2 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>See discussion of Filagininae following the tribal description (p. 385).</p><!--
--><p><i>Ancistrocarphus</i> is found in temperate Mediterranean to semiarid climates. It consistently resolved as the sister of <i>Hesperevax</i> in phylogenies based on morphology (J. D. Morefield 1992). <i>Ancistrocarphus</i> is not closely related to <i>Stylocline</i>, where it has been placed based on sharing saccate, winged pistillate paleae. The pistillate paleae of <i>Ancistrocarphus</i> differ from those of <i>Stylocline</i> and all other Filagininae in having two prominent lateral nerves in addition to the (sometimes obscure) medial one.</p><!--
--><p>Addition of <i>Ancistrocarphus keilii</i> made the genus more heterogeneous and somewhat bridged the gap with <i>Hesperevax</i>. That species may be derived from a common ancestor of, or a hybrid between, the two genera. It shares most of its character states with <i>A. filagineus</i>; the two species consistently resolved as sister taxa in all phylogenetic analyses (J. D. Morefield 1992).</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=morefield1992b
|text=Morefield, J. D. 1992. Evolution and Systematics of Stylocline (Asteraceae: Inuleae). Ph.D. dissertation. Claremont Graduate School.
}}
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Stems (1–)2–10; leaves basal and cauline; staminate paleae 2.7–4.1 mm, surpassing pistillate, broadly lanceolate, apices uncinate, acuminate, spinose; cypselae 1.4–2 × 0.6–0.9 mm, transverse bands 1; pistillate paleae: wings prominent, ovate
|[[Ancistrocarphus filagineus|Ancistrocarphus filagineus]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Stems 0; leaves basal; staminate paleae 1.8–2.8 mm, slightly surpassed by pistillate, broadly spatulate, apices incurved, obtuse to rounded, apiculate, not spinose; cypselae 1–1.4 × 0.5– 0.6 mm, transverse bands 0; pistillate paleae: wings obscure, lanceolate
|[[Ancistrocarphus keilii|Ancistrocarphus keilii]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Ancistrocarphus
|author=James D. Morefield
|authority=A. Gray
|rank=genus
|parent rank=tribe
|synonyms=Stylocline sect. Ancistrocarphus
|basionyms=
|family=Asteraceae
|illustrator=Linny Heagy
|distribution=sw United States;nw Mexico.
|reference=morefield1992b
|publication title=Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts
|publication year=1868
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f6b125a955440c0872999024f038d74684f65921/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V19-20-21/V19_776.xml
|tribe=Asteraceae tribe Gnaphalieae
|genus=Ancistrocarphus
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Asteraceae tribe Gnaphalieae]]